Exam question 1 · Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Theba…

Which person, acting upon his father's injunction, was the immediate cause of the death of Eriphyle?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: person, father, Eriphyle · What happens: act, be, enjoin, die · To what, where: immediate cause

This is exam question 1 of lesson 551 «Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Thebans flee, Alcmaeon kills his mother, and the Heraclidae win at Athens» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cause	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 acting	punct
4	acting	act	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 person	acl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 injunction	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 father	nmod:poss
7	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 injunction	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 father	case
9	injunction	injunction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 acting	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 person	punct
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 cause	cop
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 cause	det
13	immediate	immediate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cause	amod
14	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 death	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 death	det
17	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cause	nmod
18	of	of	ADP	_	19 Eriphyle	case
19	Eriphyle	Eriphyle	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 death	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	14 cause	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	act	gerund	which person not said here		upon person's father's injunction	vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	which person	the immediate cause	of the death of Eriphyle	tree rules
3	enjoin		person's father			nom injunction «communication transitive»: poss=agent
4	die		Eriphyle			nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Adrastus, her brother-in-law, who had been ordered to punish her treason

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adrastus	Adrastus	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 law	punct
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 brother	nmod:poss
4	brother	brother	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 law	nsubj
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 law	punct
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 law	case
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 in	punct
8	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Adrastus	appos
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 ordered	punct
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 ordered	nsubj
11	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 ordered	aux
12	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	13 ordered	aux:pass
13	ordered	order	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 law	parataxis
14	to	to	PART	_	15 punish	mark
15	punish	punish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 ordered	xcomp
16	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 treason	nmod:poss
17	treason	treason	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 punish	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	order	past · perfect · passive		law					vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	punish not said to happen	to-infinitive	law not said here	Adrastus's treason					vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treason=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Thersander, her son, who had been told to honour his father Amphiaraus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thersander	Thersander	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 son	punct
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 son	nmod:poss
4	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Thersander	appos
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 told	punct
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 told	nsubj:pass
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 told	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 told	aux:pass
9	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 son	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 honour	mark
11	honour	honour	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 told	xcomp
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 father	nmod:poss
13	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 honour	obj
14	Amphiaraus	Amphiaraus	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 father	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past · perfect · passive		Thersander's son					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	honour not said to happen	to-infinitive	Thersander's son not said here	his father					tree rules

Option 3

Alcmaeon, her son, who had been commanded to avenge his father Amphiaraus by killing her at Psophis under the eye of the gods

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alcmaeon	Alcmaeon	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 son	punct
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 son	nmod:poss
4	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Alcmaeon	appos
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 commanded	punct
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 commanded	nsubj:pass
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 commanded	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 commanded	aux:pass
9	commanded	command	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 son	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 avenge	mark
11	avenge	avenge	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 commanded	xcomp
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 father	nmod:poss
13	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 avenge	obj
14	Amphiaraus	Amphiaraus	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 father	appos
15	by	by	SCONJ	_	16 killing	mark
16	killing	kill	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 avenge	advcl
17	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 killing	obj
18	at	at	ADP	_	19 Psophis	case
19	Psophis	Psophis	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 killing	obl
20	under	under	ADP	_	22 eye	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 eye	det
22	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 killing	obl
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 gods	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 gods	det
25	gods	god	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 eye	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	command	past · perfect · passive	Alcmaeon's son			vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	avenge not said to happen	to-infinitive	his father			tree rules
3	kill	gerund	Amphiaraus	Psophis	under the eye of the gods	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Alcmaeon, her son, who had been commanded to avenge his father Amphiaraus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Alcmaeon	Alcmaeon	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 son	punct
3	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 son	nmod:poss
4	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Alcmaeon	appos
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 commanded	punct
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 commanded	nsubj:pass
7	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 commanded	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 commanded	aux:pass
9	commanded	command	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 son	acl:relcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 avenge	mark
11	avenge	avenge	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 commanded	xcomp
12	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 father	nmod:poss
13	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 avenge	obj
14	Amphiaraus	Amphiaraus	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 father	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	command	past · perfect · passive		Alcmaeon's son					vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	avenge not said to happen	to-infinitive		his father					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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