Exam question 3 · Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Theba…

By what means did Iolaus obtain the restoration of his youthful vigour for the duration of a single day?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Iolaus · What happens: mean, obtain · To what, where: restoration

This is exam question 3 of lesson 551 «Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Thebans flee, Alcmaeon kills his mother, and the Heraclidae win at Athens» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 obtain	obl
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 obtain	aux
5	Iolaus	Iolaus	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 obtain	nsubj
6	obtain	obtain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 restoration	det
8	restoration	restoration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 obtain	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 vigour	case
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 vigour	nmod:poss
11	youthful	youthful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 vigour	amod
12	vigour	vigour	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 restoration	nmod
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 duration	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 duration	det
15	duration	duration	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 obtain	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	19 day	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 day	det
18	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 day	amod
19	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 duration	nmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 obtain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	obtain	past · do-support	Iolaus	the restoration of Iolaus's youthful vigour				for the duration of a single day	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent restoration=Theme for duration=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He petitioned Zeus and Hebe at the altar before battle, and a dark cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus so that his strength returned to him

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 petitioned	nsubj
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 petitioned	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Hebe	cc
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Zeus	conj
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 altar	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 altar	det
8	altar	altar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 petitioned	obl
9	before	before	ADP	_	10 battle	case
10	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 petitioned	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 enveloped	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 enveloped	cc
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 cloud	det
14	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cloud	amod
15	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 enveloped	nsubj
16	enveloped	envelop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 petitioned	conj
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 chariot	det
18	chariot	chariot	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 enveloped	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	20 Hyllus	case
20	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 chariot	nmod
21	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	25 returned	mark
22	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 so	fixed
23	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 strength	nmod:poss
24	strength	strength	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 returned	nsubj
25	returned	return	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	16 enveloped	advcl
26	to	to	ADP	_	27 him	case
27	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 returned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	roles by
1	petition	past	He	Zeus and Hebe		the altar	before battle	tree rules
2	envelop	past	a dark cloud	the chariot of Hyllus				vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme
3	return	past	cloud's strength		cloud			vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to he=Result

Option 2

He prayed to Apollo and Hebe, and a light fell upon the field of battle

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 prayed	nsubj
2	prayed	pray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 Apollo	case
4	Apollo	Apollo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 prayed	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 Hebe	cc
6	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Apollo	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fell	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 fell	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 light	det
10	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fell	nsubj
11	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 prayed	advcl
12	upon	upon	ADP	_	14 field	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 field	det
14	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fell	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 battle	case
16	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 field	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pray	past	He		Apollo and Hebe				vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot
2	fall	past	a light			the field of battle			vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon field=Location

Option 3

He petitioned Zeus and Hebe after his wounds, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus while the Athenians watched from the walls of the city

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 petitioned	nsubj
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 petitioned	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Hebe	cc
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Zeus	conj
6	after	after	ADP	_	8 wounds	case
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 wounds	nmod:poss
8	wounds	wound	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 petitioned	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 enveloped	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 enveloped	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 cloud	det
12	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 enveloped	nsubj
13	enveloped	envelop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 petitioned	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 chariot	det
15	chariot	chariot	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 enveloped	obj
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 Hyllus	case
17	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 chariot	nmod
18	while	while	SCONJ	_	21 watched	mark
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Athenians	det
20	Athenians	Athenian	PROPN	Number=Plur	21 watched	nsubj
21	watched	watch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 enveloped	advcl
22	from	from	ADP	_	24 walls	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 walls	det
24	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 watched	obl
25	of	of	ADP	_	27 city	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 city	det
27	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 walls	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	petition	past	He	Zeus and Hebe		after Hebe's wounds	tree rules
2	envelop	past	a cloud	the chariot of Hyllus			vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme
3	watch	past	the Athenians		the walls of the city		vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent
4	wound		Hebe				nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He petitioned Zeus and Hebe, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 petitioned	nsubj
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 petitioned	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 Hebe	cc
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Zeus	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 enveloped	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 enveloped	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 cloud	det
9	cloud	cloud	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enveloped	nsubj
10	enveloped	envelop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 petitioned	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 chariot	det
12	chariot	chariot	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 enveloped	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 Hyllus	case
14	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 chariot	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	petition	past	He	Zeus and Hebe					tree rules
2	envelop	past	a cloud	the chariot of Hyllus					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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