Test 8 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All…

Joe from Pittsburgh: «yinz see, the mice are moving cos the Rat told them to.» (yinz = you lot) Put it right.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: yinz, mice, Rat, you · What happens: see, move, tell, put · To what, where: mice, lot · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 56 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 1: Wayfarers All (change in the air)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Joe from Pittsburgh: «yinz see, the mice are moving cos the Rat told them to.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Joe	Joe	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Pittsburgh	case
3	Pittsburgh	Pittsburgh	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Joe	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 see	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 see	punct
6	yinz	yinz	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 see	nsubj
7	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Joe	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 moving	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 mice	det
10	mice	mouse	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 moving	nsubj
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 moving	aux
12	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 see	ccomp
13	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	16 told	mark
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Rat	det
15	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 told	nsubj
16	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 moving	advcl
17	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 told	iobj
18	to	to	PART	_	16 told	xcomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 moving	punct
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 see	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	roles by
1	see in a quote	present	yinz		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	move in a quote	present · progressive	the mice		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	tell speech: assert in a quote	past	the Rat	mice = mouse	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: (yinz = you lot) Put it right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 yinz	punct
2	yinz	yinz	PROPN	_	root	root
3	=	=	PUNCT	_	7 Put	punct
4	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 Put	nsubj
5	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Put	obl:unmarked
6	)	)	PUNCT	_	5 lot	punct
7	Put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 yinz	parataxis
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 Put	obj
9	right	right	ADV	_	7 Put	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 yinz	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	infinitive	you	lot				right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent it=Goal

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They move before winter, because the Rat has a plan for them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 move	nsubj
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	before	before	ADP	_	4 winter	case
4	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 move	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 has	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 has	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Rat	det
8	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 has	nsubj
9	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 move	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 plan	det
11	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 has	obj
12	for	for	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 plan	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present	They				winter		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	have	present	the Rat	a plan				for them = they	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plan=Patient

Option 2

They are moving because the Rat ordered them to, and they only agreed after he gave them a lot of cake and tea

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 moving	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 moving	aux
3	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 ordered	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Rat	det
6	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 ordered	nsubj
7	ordered	order	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 moving	advcl
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 ordered	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	7 ordered	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 agreed	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 agreed	cc
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 agreed	nsubj
13	only	only	ADV	_	14 agreed	advmod
14	agreed	agree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 moving	conj
15	after	after	SCONJ	_	17 gave	mark
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 gave	nsubj
17	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 agreed	advcl
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 gave	iobj
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 lot	det
20	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 gave	obj
21	of	of	ADP	_	22 cake	case
22	cake	cake	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 lot	nmod
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 tea	cc
24	tea	tea	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 lot	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	move	present · progressive	They			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	order	past	the Rat		them = they	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
3	agree speech: agree	past	they			vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	give	past	Rat	a lot of cake and tea	them = they	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient lot=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They move before the harvest machines come, and to get good flats

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 move	nsubj
2	move	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	before	before	SCONJ	_	7 come	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 machines	det
5	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 machines	compound
6	machines	machine	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 come	nsubj
7	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 move	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 get	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 get	cc
10	to	to	PART	_	11 get	mark
11	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 move	conj
12	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 flats	amod
13	flats	flat	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 get	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	move	present	They		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	come	present	the harvest machines		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	get	to-infinitive	They not said here	good flats	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flat=Stimulus

Option 4

They are moving because the Rat has been pushing them all along

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 moving	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 moving	aux
3	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 pushing	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Rat	det
6	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 pushing	nsubj
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 pushing	aux
8	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 pushing	aux
9	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 moving	advcl
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 pushing	obj
11	all	all	ADV	_	12 along	advmod
12	along	along	ADV	_	9 pushing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	move	present · progressive	They						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	push	present · perfect · progressive	the Rat	them = they				along property	vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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