Test 16 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All…

★★★ «do you like shellfish? Well, well, we won't linger over that now.» Why does he stop himself?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★, we · What happens: like, not linger, stop · To what, where: shellfish, that, ★

This is test 16 · ★ of lesson 58 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ «do you like shellfish?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 like	nsubj
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 like	punct
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 like	aux
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 like	nsubj
7	like	like	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	shellfish	shellfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 like	obj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 like	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like in a quote	present · do-support	★	shellfish					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot shellfish=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Well, well, we won't linger over that now.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Well	well	INTJ	_	8 linger	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Well	punct
3	well	well	INTJ	_	8 linger	discourse
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 well	punct
5	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	8 linger	nsubj
6	wo	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 linger	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 linger	advmod
8	linger	linger	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	over	over	ADP	_	10 that	case
10	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	8 linger	obl
11	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 linger	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 linger	punct
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 linger	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not linger	future	we			that	now		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over that=Location

Sentence 3: Why does he stop himself?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 stop	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 stop	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 stop	nsubj
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	4 stop	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present · do-support	★	★					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector himself=Eventuality

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He fears the Water Rat will refuse

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 fears	nsubj
2	fears	fear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Rat	det
4	Water	Water	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Rat	compound
5	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 refuse	nsubj
6	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 refuse	aux
7	refuse	refuse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 fears	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fear	present	He						vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	refuse	future	the Water Rat						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Talking of food makes him hungrier; he will hint at it again later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 makes	csubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 food	case
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Talking	obl
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 makes	obj
6	hungrier	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 makes	xcomp
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 hint	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hint	nsubj
9	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 hint	aux
10	hint	hint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 makes	conj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hint	obl
13	again	again	ADV	_	10 hint	advmod
14	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 hint	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	gerund					of food	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	present	Talking	him = he			hungry property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product
3	hint speech: other	future	he		food	again	late property	vn say-37.7-1-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Talking of food makes him hungrier; he will hint at it again later, when the meal is served and the table is laid

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Talking	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 makes	csubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 food	case
3	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Talking	obl
4	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 makes	obj
6	hungrier	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 makes	xcomp
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 hint	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hint	nsubj
9	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 hint	aux
10	hint	hint	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 makes	conj
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hint	obl
13	again	again	ADV	_	10 hint	advmod
14	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	10 hint	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 served	punct
16	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	20 served	advmod
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 meal	det
18	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 served	nsubj:pass
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 served	aux:pass
20	served	serve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 makes	parataxis
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 laid	cc
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 table	det
23	table	table	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 laid	nsubj:pass
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 laid	aux:pass
25	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 served	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	gerund					of food	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	present	Talking	him = he			hungry property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset he=Product
3	hint speech: other	future	he		food	again	late property	vn say-37.7-1-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
4	serve	present · passive		the meal				vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute
5	lay	present · passive		the table				vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 4

He wants to keep the shellfish for another meal today

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wants	nsubj
2	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 keep	mark
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wants	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 shellfish	det
6	shellfish	shellfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 meal	case
8	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	9 meal	det
9	meal	meal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obl
10	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 keep	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	He						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	keep not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	the shellfish			today	for another meal	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shellfish=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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