Test 7 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All…
«Sigurd's story is total cap.» (cap = a lie) Is it?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: story, cap · What happens: be · To what, where: total cap, cap
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 58 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «Sigurd's story is total cap.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 7 cap | punct |
| 2 | Sigurd | Sigurd | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 story | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 Sigurd | case |
| 4 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cap | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 cap | cop |
| 6 | total | total | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cap | amod |
| 7 | cap | cap | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 cap | punct |
| 9 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 cap | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | Sigurd's story | total cap | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: (cap = a lie) Is it?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 2 cap | punct |
| 2 | cap | cap | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | = | = | SYM | _ | 5 lie | punct |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 lie | det |
| 5 | lie | lie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 cap | conj |
| 6 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 5 lie | punct |
| 7 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 it | cop |
| 8 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 cap | acl |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 cap | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | cap and a lie not said here | cap | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
No: the sailor invented it all for the Water Rat
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 4 sailor | det |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 sailor | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sailor | det |
| 4 | sailor | sailor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 invented | nsubj |
| 5 | invented | invent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 invented | obj |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 it | det |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 Rat | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 Rat | det |
| 10 | Water | Water | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Rat | compound |
| 11 | Rat | Rat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 invented | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invent | past | no sailor | it | for the Water Rat | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent it=Result for rat=Beneficiary |
Option 2
No: a Norwegian king really did sail to Constantinople long ago, with sixty ships, as the old chronicles still record
The tree, 20 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 8 sail | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 king | det |
| 4 | Norwegian | Norwegian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 king | amod |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sail | nsubj |
| 6 | really | really | ADV | _ | 8 sail | advmod |
| 7 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sail | aux |
| 8 | sail | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 1 No | parataxis |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Constantinople | case |
| 10 | Constantinople | Constantinople | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sail | obl |
| 11 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 ago | advmod |
| 12 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 8 sail | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 ships | punct |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 ships | case |
| 15 | sixty | sixty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 ships | nummod |
| 16 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sail | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 record | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 record | mark |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 chronicles | det |
| 20 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 chronicles | amod |
| 21 | chronicles | chronicle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 record | nsubj |
| 22 | still | still | ADV | _ | 23 record | advmod |
| 23 | record | record | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 sail | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | past · do-support | a Norwegian king | Constantinople | with sixty ships; ago property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to constantinople=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | record | present | the old chronicles | still | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
Partly: a king did sail with sixty ships, but the tale of his men staying behind is pure invention by the Rat
The tree, 22 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Partly | partly | ADV | _ | 6 sail | advmod |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Partly | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sail | nsubj |
| 5 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 sail | aux |
| 6 | sail | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 ships | case |
| 8 | sixty | sixty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 ships | nummod |
| 9 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 sail | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 invention | punct |
| 11 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 invention | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 tale | det |
| 13 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 invention | nsubj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 men | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 men | nmod:poss |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 tale | nmod |
| 17 | staying | stay | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 men | acl |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 17 staying | advmod |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 invention | cop |
| 20 | pure | pure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 invention | amod |
| 21 | invention | invention | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 sail | obl |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 Rat | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Rat | det |
| 24 | Rat | Rat | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 sail | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | past · do-support | a king | with sixty ships; by the Rat; partly property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | stay | gerund | king's men not said here | behind property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | the tale of king's men | pure invention | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | tell | king's men | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
No: a Norwegian king really did sail to Constantinople long ago
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 king | det |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 king | punct |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 king | det |
| 4 | Norwegian | Norwegian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 king | amod |
| 5 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sail | nsubj |
| 6 | really | really | ADV | _ | 8 sail | advmod |
| 7 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sail | aux |
| 8 | sail | sail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 Constantinople | case |
| 10 | Constantinople | Constantinople | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sail | obl |
| 11 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 ago | advmod |
| 12 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 8 sail | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sail | past · do-support | no Norwegian king | Constantinople | ago property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to constantinople=Trajectory |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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