Test 15 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 4: Wayfarers All…

★★★ «like a mile of porpoises». Why is that a good picture?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be · To what, where: good picture

This is test 15 · ★ of lesson 59 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 4: Wayfarers All (the voyage and lunch by the road)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ «like a mile of porpoises».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
4	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 mile	punct
5	like	like	ADP	_	7 mile	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 mile	det
7	mile	mile	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ★	appos
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 porpoises	case
9	porpoises	porpoise	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 mile	nmod
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 mile	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: Why is that a good picture?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 picture	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 picture	cop
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 picture	mark
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 picture	det
5	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 picture	amod
6	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 picture	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		a good picture					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Porpoises are the fastest fish, so the casks must be moving at great speed through the bay towards the quay

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Porpoises	porpoise	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fish	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fish	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 fish	det
4	fastest	fast	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 fish	amod
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 moving	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	12 moving	advmod
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 casks	det
9	casks	cask	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 moving	nsubj
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 moving	aux
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 moving	aux
12	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 fish	acl
13	at	at	ADP	_	15 speed	case
14	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 speed	amod
15	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 moving	obl
16	through	through	ADP	_	18 bay	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 bay	det
18	bay	bay	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 moving	obl
19	towards	towards	ADP	_	21 quay	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 quay	det
21	quay	quay	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 moving	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Porpoises	the fastest fish					tree rules
2	move	must · progressive	the casks	the fastest fish not said here		great speed		through the bay; towards the quay	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent fish=Theme at speed=Source through bay=Trajectory towards quay=Destination

Option 2

Round casks bob in a line just like porpoises, and the Rat secretly imagined them swimming all the way to England

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 casks	amod
2	casks	cask	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bob	nsubj
3	bob	bob	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 line	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 line	det
6	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bob	obl
7	just	just	ADV	_	9 porpoises	advmod
8	like	like	ADP	_	9 porpoises	case
9	porpoises	porpoise	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bob	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 imagined	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 imagined	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Rat	det
13	Rat	Rat	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 imagined	nsubj
14	secretly	secretly	ADV	_	15 imagined	advmod
15	imagined	imagine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 bob	conj
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 imagined	obj
17	swimming	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 imagined	xcomp
18	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 way	det:predet
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 way	det
20	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 swimming	obl
21	to	to	ADP	_	22 England	case
22	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 swimming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	bob	present	Round casks			a line	like porpoises	vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in line=Location
2	imagine	past	the Rat	casks = cask			secretly property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent they=Theme clause=Attribute
3	swim	gerund	the Rat not said here	all way	England			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to england=Destination

Option 3

Round barrels in a line move like porpoises in the water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 barrels	amod
2	barrels	barrel	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 move	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 move	det
5	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 move	compound
6	move	move	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 barrels	nmod
7	like	like	ADP	_	8 porpoises	case
8	porpoises	porpoise	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 move	nmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 water	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 water	det
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 porpoises	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Round casks bobbing in a long line look like porpoises leaping

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Round	round	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 casks	amod
2	casks	cask	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 look	nsubj
3	bobbing	bob	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 casks	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 line	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 line	det
6	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 line	amod
7	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bobbing	obl
8	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	like	like	ADP	_	10 porpoises	case
10	porpoises	porpoise	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 look	obl
11	leaping	leap	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 porpoises	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	bob	gerund	Round casks not said here	a long line		vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in line=Location
2	look	present	Round casks		like porpoises	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
3	leap	gerund	porpoises not said here			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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