Exam question 1 · The Jungle Book, Mowgli's Brothers, part 2: a fight over t…

By what reasoning did Mother Wolf justify her decision to keep the man-cub?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mother Wolf, Wolf · What happens: justify, keep, decide · To what, where: decision, man cub

This is exam question 1 of lesson 601 «The Jungle Book, Mowgli's Brothers, part 2: a fight over the man-cub and a hearing at the Council Rock» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	7 justify	obl
3	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 what	nsubj
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 justify	aux
5	Mother	Mother	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Wolf	compound
6	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 justify	nsubj
7	justify	justify	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 decision	nmod:poss
9	decision	decision	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 justify	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 keep	mark
11	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 justify	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 cub	det
13	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 cub	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 man	punct
15	cub	cub	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 keep	obj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 justify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	justify speech: other	past · do-support	Mother Wolf	Wolf's decision	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decision=Topic
2	keep	to-infinitive	Mother Wolf not said here	the man cub	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Theme
3	decide		Wolf		nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He had come unaided, naked, and hungry to her den

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 come	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 come	aux
3	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	unaided	unaided	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 naked	punct
6	naked	naked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 unaided	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hungry	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hungry	cc
9	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	advcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 den	case
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 den	nmod:poss
12	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hungry	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past · perfect	He					unaided property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

He had come unaided, naked, and hungry to her den, as the Law permits

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 come	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 come	aux
3	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	unaided	unaided	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 naked	punct
6	naked	naked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 unaided	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hungry	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hungry	cc
9	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	advcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 den	case
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 den	nmod:poss
12	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hungry	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 permits	punct
14	as	as	ADP	_	17 permits	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 permits	det
16	Law	Law	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 permits	compound
17	permits	permit	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past · perfect	He					as the Law permits; unaided property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He had come unaided, naked, and hungry to her den, and she pitied him

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 come	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 come	aux
3	come	come	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	unaided	unaided	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 naked	punct
6	naked	naked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 unaided	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hungry	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hungry	cc
9	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 come	advcl
10	to	to	ADP	_	12 den	case
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 den	nmod:poss
12	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hungry	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 pitied	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 pitied	cc
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 pitied	nsubj
16	pitied	pity	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 come	conj
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 pitied	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past · perfect	He					unaided property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pity	past	she	him = he					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus

Option 4

He was a stranger who had no den to call home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 stranger	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 stranger	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 stranger	det
4	stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 had	nsubj
6	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 stranger	acl:relcl
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 den	det
8	den	den	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 had	obj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 call	mark
10	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 had	xcomp
11	home	home	ADV	_	10 call	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	past	He	a stranger		tree rules
2	have	past	a stranger	no den		tree rules
3	call	to-infinitive	no den not said here		home property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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