Exam question 4 · The Jungle Book, Mowgli's Brothers, part 10: Kaa scares of…

By what means did Mowgli survive the fall from the summerhouse without serious injury?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mowgli · What happens: mean, survive · To what, where: fall, summerhouse

This is exam question 4 of lesson 609 «The Jungle Book, Mowgli's Brothers, part 10: Kaa scares off the Monkey-People while Mowgli stays trapped» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 survive	obl
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 survive	aux
5	Mowgli	Mowgli	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 survive	nsubj
6	survive	survive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fall	det
8	fall	fall	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 survive	obj
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 summerhouse	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 summerhouse	det
11	summerhouse	summerhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 survive	obl
12	without	without	ADP	_	14 injury	case
13	serious	serious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 injury	amod
14	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 survive	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 survive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present							vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	survive	past · do-support	Mowgli	the fall		the summerhouse		without serious injury	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fall=Circumstance

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He landed well

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 landed	nsubj
2	landed	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 landed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	past	He					well property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 2

By landing on his feet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 landing	mark
2	landing	land	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 feet	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 feet	nmod:poss
5	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 landing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	land	gerund				his feet			vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on foot=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Falling as Baloo taught

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 taught	csubj
2	as	as	ADP	_	3 Baloo	case
3	Baloo	Baloo	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Falling	obl
4	taught	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	gerund						as Baloo	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	teach speech: other	past	Falling						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Using the soft ground below

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Using	use	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 ground	det
3	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 ground	amod
4	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Using	obj
5	below	below	ADV	_	1 Using	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	gerund		the soft ground				below property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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