Exam question 1 · Jungle Book, The White Seal, part 18: Kotick sees men club…

Which of the following describes the principal action undertaken by the protagonist Kotick in the present part of the narrative?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, be, undertake · To what, where: principal action, present part

This is exam question 1 of lesson 617 «Jungle Book, The White Seal, part 18: Kotick sees men club a herd of young seals and asks where seals can go to be safe» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 action	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	8 action	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 action	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 action	case
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 action	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 action	det
7	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 action	amod
8	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	undertaken	undertake	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 action	acl
10	by	by	ADP	_	12 protagonist	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 protagonist	det
12	protagonist	protagonist	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 undertaken	obl
13	Kotick	Kotick	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 protagonist	appos
14	in	in	ADP	_	17 part	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 part	det
16	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 part	amod
17	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 undertaken	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 narrative	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 narrative	det
20	narrative	narrative	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 part	nmod
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 action	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			of the principal action	tree rules
3	undertake	participle	the principal action not said here	the present part of the narrative	by the protagonist	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He attacks the hunters at the killing-grounds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 attacks	nsubj
2	attacks	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hunters	det
4	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 attacks	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	9 grounds	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 grounds	det
7	killing	killing	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 grounds	compound
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 killing	punct
9	grounds	grounds	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 attacks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attack	present	He	the hunters		the killing grounds			vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunter=Patient

Option 2

He petitions Sea Vitch for a refuge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 petitions	nsubj
2	petitions	petition	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 petitions	obj
4	Vitch	Vitch	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Sea	flat
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 refuge	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 refuge	det
7	refuge	refuge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 petitions	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	petition	present	He	Sea				for a refuge	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

He withdraws from the killing-grounds and petitions the walrus Sea Vitch concerning a refuge free from human presence

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 withdraws	nsubj
2	withdraws	withdraw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	7 grounds	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 grounds	det
5	killing	killing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 grounds	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 killing	punct
7	grounds	grounds	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 withdraws	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 petitions	cc
9	petitions	petition	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 grounds	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Sea	det
11	walrus	Walrus	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sea	compound
12	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 withdraws	obl
13	Vitch	Vitch	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sea	flat
14	concerning	concern	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 withdraws	advcl
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 refuge	det
16	refuge	refuge	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 free	obl:unmarked
17	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 concerning	xcomp
18	from	from	ADP	_	20 presence	case
19	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 presence	amod
20	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 concerning	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	withdraw	present	He	the walrus Sea		the killing grounds and petitions			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from grounds=Initial_Location
2	concern	gerund	He not said here			human presence		free property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

He escapes the killing-grounds and seeks out the walrus Sea Vitch to ask for an island where no human ever lands

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 escapes	nsubj
2	escapes	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 grounds	det
4	killing	killing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 grounds	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 killing	punct
6	grounds	grounds	NOUN	Number=Ptan	2 escapes	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 seeks	cc
8	seeks	seek	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 escapes	conj
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 seeks	compound:prt
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Vitch	det
11	walrus	Walrus	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Sea	compound
12	Sea	Sea	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Vitch	compound
13	Vitch	Vitch	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 seeks	obl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 ask	mark
15	ask	ask	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 seeks	advcl
16	for	for	ADP	_	18 island	case
17	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 island	det
18	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ask	obl
19	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	23 lands	advmod
20	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	21 human	det
21	human	human	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 lands	nsubj
22	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	23 lands	advmod
23	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 island	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	escape	present	He	the killing grounds			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme grounds=Initial_Location
2	seek out	present	He not said here	the Sea Vitch			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	ask speech: ask	to-infinitive	He not said here			for a island	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	land	present	no human		ever		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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