Test 3 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Ad…
Why does Toad say «I've heard that song before»?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: say, hear · To what, where: song · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 62 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Adventures of Toad (into the canal, the stolen horse and «a shilling a leg»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 say | advmod |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 say | aux |
| 3 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 say | nsubj |
| 4 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 8 heard | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 heard | nsubj |
| 7 | 've | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 heard | aux |
| 8 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 say | ccomp |
| 9 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 song | det |
| 10 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 heard | obj |
| 11 | before | before | ADV | _ | 8 heard | advmod |
| 12 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 8 heard | punct |
| 13 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 say | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · do-support | Toad | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | Toad | that song | before property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer song=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Because people keep shouting stop at him
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 3 keep | mark |
| 2 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 keep | nsubj |
| 3 | keep | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 keep | xcomp |
| 5 | stop | stop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 shouting | obj |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 him | case |
| 7 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 keep | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | present | people | at him = he | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | shout speech: express | gerund | people not said here | stop | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stop=Topic |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Everyone chasing him keeps shouting «Stop, stop, stop!», like the men on the engine
The tree, 14 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 4 keeps | nsubj |
| 2 | chasing | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Everyone | acl |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 chasing | obj |
| 4 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 keeps | xcomp |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 7 | Stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 shouting | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 stop | punct |
| 9 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Stop | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 stop | punct |
| 11 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Stop | conj |
| 12 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 men | punct |
| 15 | like | like | ADP | _ | 17 men | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 men | det |
| 17 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 shouting | obl |
| 18 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 engine | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 engine | det |
| 20 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 men | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | gerund | him = he | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||||
| 2 | keep | present | Everyone | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | shout speech: express | gerund | Everyone not said here | like the men on the engine | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 5 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 6 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
Because the song is from the engine
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 3 song | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 song | det |
| 3 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 engine | obl |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 engine | cop |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 engine | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 engine | det |
| 7 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the engine | because the song | tree rules |
Option 4
Everyone chasing him keeps shouting «Stop, stop, stop!», just as the men on the engine did in the car
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Everyone | everyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 4 keeps | nsubj |
| 2 | chasing | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 1 Everyone | acl |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 chasing | obj |
| 4 | keeps | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | shouting | shout | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 keeps | xcomp |
| 6 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 7 | Stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 shouting | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 stop | punct |
| 9 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Stop | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 stop | punct |
| 11 | stop | stop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 Stop | conj |
| 12 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 7 Stop | punct |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 did | punct |
| 15 | just | just | ADV | _ | 22 did | advmod |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 did | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 men | det |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 did | nsubj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 engine | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 engine | det |
| 21 | engine | engine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 men | nmod |
| 22 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 keeps | parataxis |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 car | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 car | det |
| 25 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 did | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | gerund | him = he | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||||
| 2 | keep | present | Everyone | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | shout speech: express | gerund | Everyone not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 5 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 6 | stop in a quote | infinitive | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||||
| 7 | do | past | the men on the engine | the car | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/62-willows-ch10-part2-a-shilling-a-leg/t3/