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Test 3 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Ad…

Why does Toad say «I've heard that song before»?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: say, hear · To what, where: song · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 62 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Adventures of Toad (into the canal, the stolen horse and «a shilling a leg»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

advmodauxnsubjpunctnsubjauxccompdetobjadvmodpunctpunctrootWhyADVdoesAUXToadPROPNsayVERB«PUNCTIPRON'veAUXheardVERBthatDETsongNOUNbeforeADV»PUNCT?PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WhywhyADVPronType=Int4 sayadvmod
2doesdoAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 sayaux
3ToadToadPROPNNumber=Sing4 saynsubj
4saysayVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
5««PUNCT_8 heardpunct
6IIPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs8 heardnsubj
7'vehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin8 heardaux
8heardhearVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part4 sayccomp
9thatthatDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem10 songdet
10songsongNOUNNumber=Sing8 heardobj
11beforebeforeADV_8 heardadvmod
12»»PUNCT_8 heardpunct
13??PUNCT_4 saypunct
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1say speech: assertpresent · do-supportToadvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2hear in a quotepresent · perfectToadthat songbefore propertyvn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer song=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Because people keep shouting stop at him

marknsubjxcompobjcaseoblrootBecauseSCONJpeopleNOUNkeepVERBshoutingVERBstopNOUNatADPhimPRON
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1BecausebecauseSCONJ_3 keepmark
2peoplepeopleNOUNNumber=Plur3 keepnsubj
3keepkeepVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
4shoutingshoutVERBVerbForm=Ger3 keepxcomp
5stopstopNOUNNumber=Sing4 shoutingobj
6atatADP_7 himcase
7himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs3 keepobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1keeppresentpeopleat him = hetree rules
2shout speech: expressgerundpeople not said herestopvn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stop=Topic

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Everyone chasing him keeps shouting «Stop, stop, stop!», like the men on the engine

The tree, 14 words
nsubjaclobjxcomppunctobjpunctconjpunctconjpunctpunctpunctcasedetoblcasedetnmodrootEveryonePRONchasingVERBhimPRONkeepsVERBshoutingVERB«PUNCTStopVERB,PUNCTstopVERB,PUNCTstopVERB!PUNCT»PUNCT,PUNCTlikeADPtheDETmenNOUNonADPtheDETengineNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1EveryoneeveryonePRONNumber=Sing PronType=Tot4 keepsnsubj
2chasingchaseVERBVerbForm=Ger1 Everyoneacl
3himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs2 chasingobj
4keepskeepVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
5shoutingshoutVERBVerbForm=Ger4 keepsxcomp
6««PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
7StopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf5 shoutingobj
8,,PUNCT_9 stoppunct
9stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf7 Stopconj
10,,PUNCT_11 stoppunct
11stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf7 Stopconj
12!!PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
13»»PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
14,,PUNCT_17 menpunct
15likelikeADP_17 mencase
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 mendet
17menmanNOUNNumber=Plur5 shoutingobl
18ononADP_20 enginecase
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 enginedet
20engineengineNOUNNumber=Sing17 mennmod
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1chasegerundhim = hevn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2keeppresentEveryonetree rules
3shout speech: expressgerundEveryone not said herelike the men on the enginevn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Because the song is from the engine

casedetoblcopcasedetrootBecauseADPtheDETsongNOUNisAUXfromADPtheDETengineNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1BecausebecauseADPExtPos=ADP3 songcase
2thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art3 songdet
3songsongNOUNNumber=Sing7 engineobl
4isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin7 enginecop
5fromfromADP_7 enginecase
6thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art7 enginedet
7engineengineNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1ispresentthe enginebecause the songtree rules

Option 4

Everyone chasing him keeps shouting «Stop, stop, stop!», just as the men on the engine did in the car

The tree, 19 words
nsubjaclobjxcomppunctobjpunctconjpunctconjpunctpunctpunctadvmodmarkdetnsubjcasedetnmodparataxiscasedetoblrootEveryonePRONchasingVERBhimPRONkeepsVERBshoutingVERB«PUNCTStopVERB,PUNCTstopVERB,PUNCTstopVERB!PUNCT»PUNCT,PUNCTjustADVasSCONJtheDETmenNOUNonADPtheDETengineNOUNdidVERBinADPtheDETcarNOUN
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1EveryoneeveryonePRONNumber=Sing PronType=Tot4 keepsnsubj
2chasingchaseVERBVerbForm=Ger1 Everyoneacl
3himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs2 chasingobj
4keepskeepVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
5shoutingshoutVERBVerbForm=Ger4 keepsxcomp
6««PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
7StopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf5 shoutingobj
8,,PUNCT_9 stoppunct
9stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf7 Stopconj
10,,PUNCT_11 stoppunct
11stopstopVERBVerbForm=Inf7 Stopconj
12!!PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
13»»PUNCT_7 Stoppunct
14,,PUNCT_22 didpunct
15justjustADV_22 didadvmod
16asasSCONJ_22 didmark
17thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art18 mendet
18menmanNOUNNumber=Plur22 didnsubj
19ononADP_21 enginecase
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art21 enginedet
21engineengineNOUNNumber=Sing18 mennmod
22diddoVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 keepsparataxis
23ininADP_25 carcase
24thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art25 cardet
25carcarNOUNNumber=Sing22 didobl
#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1chasegerundhim = hevn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2keeppresentEveryonetree rules
3shout speech: expressgerundEveryone not said herevn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6stop in a quoteinfinitivevn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
7dopastthe men on the enginethe carvn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/62-willows-ch10-part2-a-shilling-a-leg/t3/