Test 7 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Ad…

Why was any money «all clear profit» to Toad?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: money · What happens: be

This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 62 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 2: The Further Adventures of Toad (into the canal, the stolen horse and «a shilling a leg»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Rel	root	root
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Why	cop
3	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	4 money	det
4	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Why	nsubj
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 profit	punct
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 profit	det
7	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 profit	amod
8	profit	profit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 money	conj
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 profit	punct
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Toad	case
11	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 profit	nmod
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Why	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	any money and all clear profit to Toad					why property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The horse had cost nothing to keep.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 horse	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cost	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cost	aux
4	cost	cost	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 cost	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 keep	mark
7	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 nothing	acl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 cost	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cost	past · perfect	the horse	nothing					vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme nothing=Value
2	keep	to-infinitive	the horse not said here	nothing not said here					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The horse had cost him nothing, because he had simply taken it from the barge-woman without paying anything

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 horse	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cost	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cost	aux
4	cost	cost	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cost	iobj
6	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 cost	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 taken	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 taken	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 taken	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 taken	aux
11	simply	simply	ADV	_	12 taken	advmod
12	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 cost	conj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 taken	obj
14	from	from	ADP	_	18 woman	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 woman	det
16	barge	barge	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 woman	compound
17	-	-	PUNCT	_	16 barge	punct
18	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 taken	obl
19	without	without	SCONJ	_	20 paying	mark
20	paying	pay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 taken	advcl
21	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	20 paying	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	cost	past · perfect	the horse	nothing	him = he		vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme he=Beneficiary nothing=Value
2	take	past · perfect	horse	it		from the barge woman; simply property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent it=Theme from woman=Initial_Location
3	pay	gerund	horse not said here	anything			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Asset

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The horse had cost him nothing — he had taken it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 horse	det
2	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cost	nsubj
3	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cost	aux
4	cost	cost	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 cost	iobj
6	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 cost	obj
7	—	-	PUNCT	_	10 taken	punct
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 taken	nsubj
9	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 taken	aux
10	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 cost	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 taken	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cost	past · perfect	the horse	nothing	him = he				vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme he=Beneficiary nothing=Value
2	take	past · perfect	horse	it					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Option 4

The money was not his to spend.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 money	det
2	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 spend	cop
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 spend	advmod
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 spend	nmod:poss
6	to	to	PART	_	7 spend	mark
7	spend	spend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 money	acl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 money	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	past						spend property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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