Test 7 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The Further Ad…

True or false? «Toad stays humble in the car because he is frightened.»

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: stay, frighten · To what, where: car, Toad

This is test 7 · ★★★ of lesson 63 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 3: The Further Adventures of Toad (the most conceited song and the very same motor-car)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: True or false?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 false	cc
3	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 True	conj
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 True	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 2: «Toad stays humble in the car because he is frightened.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 stays	punct
2	Toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stays	nsubj
3	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	humble	humble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stays	xcomp
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 car	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 car	det
7	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stays	obl
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 frightened	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 frightened	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 frightened	aux:pass
11	frightened	frighten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 stays	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 stays	punct
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 stays	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay in a quote	present	Toad			the car		humble property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in car=Location
2	frighten in a quote	present · passive		Toad					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

False: once safe, he asks for the front seat and then to drive

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 asks	advcl
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 safe	punct
3	once	once	SCONJ	_	4 safe	mark
4	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 False	conj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 asks	punct
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 asks	nsubj
7	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	for	for	ADP	_	11 seat	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 seat	det
10	front	front	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 seat	amod
11	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 asks	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 drive	cc
13	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 drive	advmod
14	to	to	PART	_	15 drive	mark
15	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 asks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	he					for the front seat	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	drive	to-infinitive	he not said here				then		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

True, since he was very frightened and quiet on the seat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 frightened	punct
3	since	since	SCONJ	_	7 frightened	mark
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 frightened	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 frightened	cop
6	very	very	ADV	_	7 frightened	advmod
7	frightened	frightened	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 True	conj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 quiet	cc
9	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 frightened	conj
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 seat	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 seat	det
12	seat	seat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 frightened	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past · passive		he		the seat		frightened property	tree rules
2	be								tree rules

Option 3

True: he is frightened and so he stays humble in the car, not boasting at all, until the very end of the journey

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	True	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 frightened	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 frightened	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 frightened	aux:pass
5	frightened	frighten	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 True	parataxis
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 stays	cc
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 stays	advmod
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stays	nsubj
9	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 frightened	conj
10	humble	humble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 stays	xcomp
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 car	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 car	det
13	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stays	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 boasting	punct
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 boasting	advmod
16	boasting	boast	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 stays	advcl
17	at	at	ADP	_	18 all	case
18	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	16 boasting	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 end	punct
20	until	until	ADP	_	23 end	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 end	det
22	very	very	ADV	_	23 end	advmod
23	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 frightened	obl
24	of	of	ADP	_	26 journey	case
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	26 journey	det
26	journey	journey	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 end	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	frighten	present · passive		he		until the end of the journey		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	stay	present	he		the car		humble property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in car=Location
3	not boast speech: other	gerund	he not said here		all			vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

False, he is still silent and humble in the back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 silent	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 silent	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 silent	cop
5	still	still	ADV	_	6 silent	advmod
6	silent	silent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 False	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 humble	cc
8	humble	humble	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 False	conj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 back	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 back	det
11	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 False	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	he				still	silent property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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