Exam question 4 · Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5: Tom feeds a hurt dra…

Which of the following accurately describes the reason given for Tom's remark that the lost prize might have been unwelcome?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: remark, Tom · What happens: follow, describe, give, lose, unwelcome, remark · To what, where: reason, lost prize

This is exam question 4 of lesson 637 «Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5: Tom feeds a hurt dragon and the prize is eaten» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 describes	advmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 reason	det
8	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 describes	obj
9	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 reason	acl
10	for	for	ADP	_	13 remark	case
11	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 remark	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 Tom	case
13	remark	remark	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 given	obl
14	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 unwelcome	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 prize	det
16	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 prize	amod
17	prize	prize	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 unwelcome	nsubj:pass
18	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	21 unwelcome	aux
19	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	21 unwelcome	aux
20	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	21 unwelcome	aux:pass
21	unwelcome	unwelcome	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 remark	acl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the reason	accurately property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
3	give	participle		the reason not said here	for Tom's remark	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent for remark=Asset
4	lose	participle				vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	unwelcome	might · perfect · passive	Tom's remark not said here	the lost prize		tree rules
6	remark		Tom			nom remark «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He reckoned the reading would be quite dull

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reckoned	nsubj
2	reckoned	reckon	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reading	det
4	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dull	nsubj
5	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 dull	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 dull	cop
7	quite	quite	ADV	_	8 dull	advmod
8	dull	dull	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 reckoned	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reckon	past	He						vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
2	is	would	the reading					dull property	tree rules

Option 2

Because the prize was a book he had already read twice before at school

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 book	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 prize	det
3	prize	prize	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 book	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 book	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 book	det
6	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 read	nsubj
8	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 read	aux
9	already	already	ADV	_	10 read	advmod
10	read	read	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 book	acl:relcl
11	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	12 before	advmod
12	before	before	ADV	_	10 read	advmod
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 school	case
14	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 read	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the prize	a book					tree rules
2	read	past · perfect	he	a book not said here		school		before property	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent book=Theme at school=Value

Option 3

He believed the Schoolmaster had dropped it on purpose so he would not have it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 believed	nsubj
2	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Schoolmaster	det
4	Schoolmaster	Schoolmaster	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 dropped	nsubj
5	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 dropped	aux
6	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 believed	ccomp
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 dropped	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	9 purpose	case
9	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dropped	obl
10	so	so	ADV	_	14 have	advmod
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 have	nsubj
12	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 have	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 have	advmod
14	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 dropped	parataxis
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	believe	past	He			vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	drop	past · perfect	the Schoolmaster	it	purpose	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme on purpose=Destination
3	not have	would	Schoolmaster	purpose		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He believed he would not have liked it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 believed	nsubj
2	believed	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 liked	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 liked	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 liked	advmod
6	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 liked	aux
7	liked	like	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 believed	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 liked	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	past	He						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	not like	would · perfect	he	it					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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