Exam question 2 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Ad…

Ascertain the error which the narrator attributes to the occupants of the motor-car.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, narrator · What happens: ascertain, attribute · To what, where: error

This is exam question 2 of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 error	det
3	error	error	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 attributes	obj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 narrator	det
6	narrator	narrator	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 attributes	nsubj
7	attributes	attribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 error	acl:relcl
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 occupants	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 occupants	det
10	occupants	occupant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 attributes	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	15 car	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 car	det
13	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 car	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 motor	punct
15	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 occupants	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the error					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent error=Topic
2	attribute	present	the narrator	the error				to the occupants of the motor car	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

That they omitted to warn Toad of the danger and then attempted to restrain him before stopping the vehicle

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 omitted	nsubj
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 omitted	nsubj
3	omitted	omit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 warn	mark
5	warn	warn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 omitted	xcomp
6	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 warn	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 danger	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 danger	det
9	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 warn	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 attempted	cc
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 attempted	advmod
12	attempted	attempt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 omitted	conj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 restrain	mark
14	restrain	restrain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 attempted	xcomp
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 restrain	obj
16	before	before	SCONJ	_	17 stopping	mark
17	stopping	stop	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 restrain	advcl
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 vehicle	det
19	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 stopping	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	omit	past	That					vn neglect-75.1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	warn speech: warn	to-infinitive	That not said here		Toad		of the danger	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent toad=Recipient of danger=Topic
3	attempt	past	That not said here			then		vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	restrain not said to happen	to-infinitive	That not said here	Toad				vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Eventuality
5	stop	gerund	That not said here	the vehicle				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality vehicle=Eventuality

Option 2

That they shouted too loudly at him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 shouted	nsubj
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 shouted	nsubj
3	shouted	shout	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 loudly	advmod
5	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	3 shouted	advmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 him	case
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 shouted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shout speech: express	past	That					at him = he; loudly property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

That they should have called the police at once and then waited quietly by the car until the chauffeur arrived

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 called	nsubj:pass
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 called	nsubj:pass
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 called	aux
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 called	aux
5	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 police	det
7	police	police	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 called	obj
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 once	case
9	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 called	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 waited	cc
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 waited	advmod
12	waited	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 called	conj
13	quietly	quietly	ADV	_	12 waited	advmod
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 car	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 car	det
16	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 waited	obl
17	until	until	SCONJ	_	20 arrived	mark
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 chauffeur	det
19	chauffeur	chauffeur	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 arrived	nsubj
20	arrived	arrive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 waited	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	call	should · perfect · passive		That			vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme police=Result
2	wait	past			then	by the car; quietly property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by car=Location
3	arrive	past	the chauffeur				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

That they omitted to stop the vehicle before attempting to restrain Toad

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 omitted	nsubj
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 omitted	nsubj
3	omitted	omit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 stop	mark
5	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 omitted	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 vehicle	det
7	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stop	obj
8	before	before	SCONJ	_	9 attempting	mark
9	attempting	attempt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 stop	advcl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 restrain	mark
11	restrain	restrain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 attempting	xcomp
12	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 restrain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	omit	past	That		vn neglect-75.1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	stop	to-infinitive	That not said here	the vehicle	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality vehicle=Eventuality
3	attempt	gerund	That not said here		vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	restrain not said to happen	to-infinitive	That not said here	Toad	vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer toad=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/e2/