Test 5 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Ad…
Is it TRUE or FALSE? «After the crash, Toad was sorry and went to help the men in the pond.»
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: it, Toad · What happens: be, go, help · To what, where: men, pond
This is test 5 · ★★★ of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Is it TRUE or FALSE?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 TRUE | cop |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 TRUE | nsubj |
| 3 | TRUE | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 5 FALSE | cc |
| 5 | FALSE | false | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 TRUE | conj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 TRUE | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | it | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: «After the crash, Toad was sorry and went to help the men in the pond.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 8 sorry | punct |
| 2 | After | after | ADP | _ | 4 crash | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 crash | det |
| 4 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sorry | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 crash | punct |
| 6 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 sorry | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sorry | cop |
| 8 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 went | cc |
| 10 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 sorry | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 help | mark |
| 12 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 went | xcomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 men | det |
| 14 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 help | obj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 pond | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 pond | det |
| 17 | pond | pond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 help | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 sorry | punct |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 8 sorry | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | past | Toad | after the crash | sorry property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | go in a quote | past | Toad not said here | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | help in a quote | to-infinitive | Toad not said here | the men | the pond | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Beneficiary |
The options
Option 1
True: he was sorry, went back and pulled every one of them out of the pond with a rope
The tree, 19 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | True | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 sorry | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 sorry | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sorry | cop |
| 5 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 True | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 went | punct |
| 7 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 sorry | conj |
| 8 | back | back | ADV | _ | 7 went | advmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 pulled | cc |
| 10 | pulled | pull | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 went | conj |
| 11 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 one | det |
| 12 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pulled | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 one | nmod |
| 15 | out | out | ADP | _ | 18 pond | case |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 pond | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 pond | det |
| 18 | pond | pond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pulled | obl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 rope | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 rope | det |
| 21 | rope | rope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 pulled | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | he | sorry property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go back | past | he not said here | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | pull | past | he not said here | every one of them | the pond | with a rope | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent one=Theme out pond=Initial_Location |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
False: he ran off and then laughed at them, singing
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | False | false | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 : | amod |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 ran | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 ran | nsubj |
| 4 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 4 ran | compound:prt |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 laughed | cc |
| 7 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 laughed | advmod |
| 8 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 ran | conj |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 them | case |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 laughed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 singing | punct |
| 12 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 ran | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run off | past | he | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | laugh | past | he not said here | then | at them = they | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | sing speech: express | gerund | he not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
True: he stayed to help them out of the pond
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | True | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 stayed | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 stayed | nsubj |
| 4 | stayed | stay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 True | conj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 help | mark |
| 6 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 stayed | advcl |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 help | obj |
| 8 | out | out | ADP | _ | 11 pond | case |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 pond | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pond | det |
| 11 | pond | pond | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 help | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stay | past | he | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | he not said here | them = they | the pond | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |
Option 4
True: he rushed to help, apologised to each gentleman, and promised never to steal a motor-car again
The tree, 18 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | True | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 rushed | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 rushed | nsubj |
| 4 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 True | parataxis |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 help | mark |
| 6 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 rushed | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 apologised | punct |
| 8 | apologised | apologise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 help | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 gentleman | case |
| 10 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 gentleman | det |
| 11 | gentleman | gentleman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 apologised | obl:agent |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 promised | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 promised | cc |
| 14 | promised | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 rushed | conj |
| 15 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 17 steal | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 steal | mark |
| 17 | steal | steal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 promised | xcomp |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 car | det |
| 19 | motor | motor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 car | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 motor | punct |
| 21 | car | car | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 steal | obj |
| 22 | again | again | ADV | _ | 17 steal | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rush | past | he | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Result | |||||
| 2 | help | to-infinitive | he not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | apologise speech: apologize | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | promise speech: promise | past | he not said here | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not steal not said to happen | to-infinitive | he not said here | a motor car | again | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location car=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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