Exam question 3 · The Book of Dragons, The Ice Dragon, part 1: George and Ja…

State the nature of the phenomenon which George identifies in the night sky, according to the passage.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: phenomenon · What happens: identify, accord · To what, where: night sky

This is exam question 3 of lesson 643 «The Book of Dragons, The Ice Dragon, part 1: George and Jane sneak out to see the Northern Lights and set off across the snowy fields toward the North Pole.» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 nature	det
3	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 State	nmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 phenomenon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 phenomenon	det
6	phenomenon	phenomenon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 nature	nmod
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 identifies	nsubj
8	George	George	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 identifies	nsubj
9	identifies	identify	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 phenomenon	acl:relcl
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 sky	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sky	det
12	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 sky	compound
13	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 identifies	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 passage	punct
15	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 passage	case
16	to	to	ADP	_	15 according	fixed
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 passage	det
18	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 identifies	conj
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 State	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	present	the phenomenon			the night sky			vn empathize-88.2 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	accord	gerund							vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A comet crossing the sky near the Great Bear

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 comet	det
2	comet	comet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	crossing	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 comet	acl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sky	det
5	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossing	obj
6	near	near	ADP	_	9 Bear	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Bear	det
8	Great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Bear	amod
9	Bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cross	gerund	a comet not said here	the sky		the Great Bear			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Patient

Option 2

A display of coloured lights in the northern sky, also known as the Aurora Borealis and the Northern Lights, seen from the lawn

The tree, 23 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 display	det
2	display	display	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 lights	case
4	coloured	coloured	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 lights	amod
5	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 display	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 sky	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sky	det
8	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 sky	amod
9	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lights	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 known	punct
11	also	also	ADV	_	12 known	advmod
12	known	know	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 display	acl
13	as	as	ADP	_	16 Borealis	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 Borealis	det
15	Aurora	Aurora	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 Borealis	compound
16	Borealis	Borealis	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 known	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 Lights	cc
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 Lights	det
19	Northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 Lights	amod
20	Lights	Light	PROPN	Number=Plur	16 Borealis	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 seen	punct
22	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 display	acl
23	from	from	ADP	_	25 lawn	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 lawn	det
25	lawn	lawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 seen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	know	participle	a display of coloured lights in the northern sky not said here		as the Aurora Borealis and the Northern Lights	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as borealis=Attribute
2	see	participle	a display of coloured lights in the northern sky not said here	the lawn		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
3	display		coloured lights in the northern sky			nom display «communication transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

The Aurora Borealis, which George describes as a comet, a planet, and a moving curtain of glowing light in the sky

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Borealis	det
2	Aurora	Aurora	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Borealis	compound
3	Borealis	Borealis	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 describes	punct
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 describes	nsubj
6	George	George	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 describes	nsubj
7	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 Borealis	acl:relcl
8	as	as	ADP	_	10 comet	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 comet	det
10	comet	comet	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 describes	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 planet	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 planet	det
13	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 comet	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 curtain	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 curtain	cc
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 curtain	det
17	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 curtain	amod
18	curtain	curtain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Borealis	appos
19	of	of	SCONJ	_	20 glowing	mark
20	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	18 curtain	acl
21	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 glowing	obj
22	in	in	ADP	_	24 sky	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 sky	det
24	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 glowing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	describe	present	the Aurora Borealis			as a comet and a planet	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent as comet=Attribute
2	move	gerund					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
3	glow	gerund	a moving curtain not said here	light	the sky		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The Aurora Borealis, also called the Northern Lights

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Borealis	det
2	Aurora	Aurora	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Borealis	compound
3	Borealis	Borealis	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 called	nsubj:pass
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Borealis	punct
5	also	also	ADV	_	6 called	advmod
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Lights	det
8	Northern	Northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Lights	amod
9	Lights	Light	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 called	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	participle · passive		the Aurora Borealis					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/643-pg23661-part11/e3/