Exam question 2 · The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon, part 22: a dragon s…

Identify the reason given by the Prince for ignoring the complaints of the farmers regarding their damaged crops.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, farmers · What happens: identify, give, ignore, regard, damage, complain · To what, where: reason, complaints

This is exam question 2 of lesson 654 «The Book of Dragons, The Fiery Dragon, part 22: a dragon scares the town and the Prince sets out to hunt it» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 reason	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 Prince	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Prince	det
7	Prince	Prince	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 given	obl
8	for	for	SCONJ	_	9 ignoring	mark
9	ignoring	ignore	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 given	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 complaints	det
11	complaints	complaint	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ignoring	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 farmers	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 farmers	det
14	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 complaints	nmod
15	regarding	regard	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 crops	case
16	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 crops	nmod:poss
17	damaged	damage	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 crops	amod
18	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 ignoring	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	give	participle		the reason not said here	by the Prince	vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
3	ignore	gerund		the complaints of the farmers	regard farmers's damaged crops	vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent complaint=Theme
4	regard	gerund				vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	damage	participle				vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
6	complain		the farmers			nom complaint «state intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He said the farmers should have cut their own hedges

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 farmers	det
4	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cut	nsubj:pass
5	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 cut	aux
6	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 cut	aux
7	cut	cut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 said	ccomp
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 hedges	nmod:poss
9	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 hedges	amod
10	hedges	hedge	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 cut	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	He						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	cut	should · perfect · passive		the farmers					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary hedge=Product

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

He stated that the farmers had left their crops standing in people's way.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 left	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 farmers	det
5	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 left	nsubj
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 left	aux
7	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 stated	ccomp
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 crops	nmod:poss
9	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 left	obj
10	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 crops	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 way	case
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 way	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 people	case
14	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 standing	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stated	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	leave	past · perfect	the farmers	farmers's crops		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Theme
3	stand	gerund	farmers's crops not said here		people's way	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location

Option 3

He stated that the farmers had been warned repeatedly, had left their crops standing in the lanes, and deserved nothing at all

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 warned	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 farmers	det
5	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 warned	nsubj
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 warned	aux
7	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 warned	aux:pass
8	warned	warn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 stated	ccomp
9	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	8 warned	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 left	punct
11	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 left	aux
12	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	8 warned	conj
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 crops	nmod:poss
14	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 left	obj
15	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 crops	acl
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 lanes	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 lanes	det
18	lanes	lane	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 standing	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 deserved	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 deserved	cc
21	deserved	deserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 stated	conj
22	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	21 deserved	obj
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 all	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	21 deserved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	warn speech: warn	past · perfect · passive		the farmers		repeatedly property	vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
3	leave	past · perfect		farmers's crops			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Theme
4	stand	gerund	farmers's crops not said here		the lanes		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in lane=Location
5	deserve	past	He not said here	nothing	all		tree rules

Option 4

He stated that the farmers had left their crops standing in people's way and that the hunt was more important than their harvest

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stated	nsubj
2	stated	state	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 left	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 farmers	det
5	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 left	nsubj
6	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 left	aux
7	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 stated	ccomp
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 crops	nmod:poss
9	crops	crop	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 left	obj
10	standing	stand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 crops	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 way	case
12	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 way	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 people	case
14	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 standing	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 important	cc
16	that	that	SCONJ	_	21 important	mark
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 hunt	det
18	hunt	hunt	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 important	nsubj
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 important	cop
20	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	21 important	advmod
21	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 left	conj
22	than	than	ADP	_	24 harvest	case
23	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	24 harvest	nmod:poss
24	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 important	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	state speech: other	past	He				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	leave	past · perfect	the farmers	farmers's crops			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crop=Theme
3	stand	gerund	farmers's crops not said here		people's way		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location
4	is	past	the hunt			than farmers's harvest; important property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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