Test 2 · ★ · Fairy Book, The Shepherd Prince, part 14: the prince beats…

Wait, why do the sheep keep running to that lake?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, sheep · What happens: wait, keep, run

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 674 «Fairy Book, The Shepherd Prince, part 14: the prince beats the dragon, and the princess's kiss ends the fight» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wait	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 keep	punct
3	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 keep	advmod
4	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 keep	aux
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sheep	det
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 keep	nsubj
7	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Wait	conj
8	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 keep	xcomp
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 lake	case
10	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	11 lake	det
11	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 running	obl
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 Wait	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	wait	imperative	you not said here		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep	present · do-support	the sheep		tree rules
3	run	gerund	the sheep not said here	to that lake result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to lake=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Cos the meadows there are the greenest, and they never come back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	3 meadows	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meadows	det
3	meadows	meadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 are	obl
4	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	5 are	expl
5	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 come	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 greenest	det
7	greenest	green	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 are	nsubj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 come	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 come	cc
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 come	nsubj
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 come	advmod
12	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	back	back	ADV	_	12 come	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	the greenest			there		cos the meadows	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not come back	present	meadows = meadow						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Cos the meadows there are the greenest in the whole valley, and they never come back, which is why the emperor is so worried

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	3 meadows	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meadows	det
3	meadows	meadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 greenest	obl
4	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	5 are	expl
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 greenest	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 greenest	det
7	greenest	green	ADJ	Degree=Sup	26 worried	nsubj
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 valley	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 valley	det
10	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 valley	amod
11	valley	valley	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 greenest	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 come	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 come	cc
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 come	nsubj
15	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	16 come	advmod
16	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 greenest	conj
17	back	back	ADV	_	16 come	advmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 why	punct
19	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	21 why	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 why	cop
21	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	16 come	parataxis
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 emperor	det
23	emperor	emperor	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 why	nsubj
24	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 worried	cop
25	so	so	ADV	_	26 worried	advmod
26	worried	worried	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	is	present		the whole valley	cos the meadows; green property	tree rules
2	not come back	present	meadows = meadow			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is	present			why property	tree rules
4	is	present	the greenest		worried property	tree rules

Option 3

Cos someone's hiding food by the lake, so they follow the smell

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	4 hiding	mark
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 hiding	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 someone	case
4	hiding	hide	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hiding	obj
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 lake	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 lake	det
8	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 hiding	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 follow	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 follow	advmod
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 follow	nsubj
12	follow	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 hiding	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 smell	det
14	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 follow	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	gerund		food				by the lake	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent food=Patient by lake=Location
2	follow	present	they	the smell					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Theme

Option 4

Cos the meadows there are the greenest, and the dragon waits there to eat every sheep that never comes back home

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cos	cos	SCONJ	_	3 meadows	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meadows	det
3	meadows	meadow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 are	obl
4	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	5 are	expl
5	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 waits	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 greenest	det
7	greenest	green	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 are	nsubj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 waits	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 waits	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dragon	det
11	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 waits	nsubj
12	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
13	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	12 waits	expl
14	to	to	PART	_	15 eat	mark
15	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 waits	advcl
16	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	17 sheep	det
17	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 eat	obj
18	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	20 comes	nsubj
19	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	20 comes	advmod
20	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 sheep	acl:relcl
21	back	back	ADV	_	20 comes	advmod
22	home	home	ADV	_	15 eat	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	be	present	the greenest		there	cos the meadows	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	wait	present	the dragon		there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	eat	to-infinitive	the dragon not said here	every sheep		home property	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient
4	not come back	present	every sheep				vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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