Exam question 1 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 4: «Like Summer…

Identify the reason assigned by Toad's father for withholding knowledge of the passage from his son.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, father · What happens: identify, assign, withhold · To what, where: reason, knowledge

This is exam question 1 of lesson 68 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XI, part 4: «Like Summer Tempests Came His Tears» (the secret passage, the birthday banquet and «learn 'em»)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	assigned	assign	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 reason	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 father	case
6	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 father	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Toad	case
8	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 assigned	obl
9	for	for	SCONJ	_	10 withholding	mark
10	withholding	withhold	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 father	acl
11	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 withholding	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 passage	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 passage	det
14	passage	passage	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 knowledge	nmod
15	from	from	ADP	_	17 son	case
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 son	nmod:poss
17	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 passage	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	assign	participle		the reason not said here	by Toad's father	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
3	withhold	gerund	Toad's father not said here	knowledge of the passage from Toad's son		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

That his son was too greedy for gold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 son	det
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 son	nmod:poss
3	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greedy	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 greedy	cop
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 greedy	advmod
6	greedy	greedy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 gold	case
8	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 greedy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	his son					for gold; greedy property	tree rules

Option 2

That his son could not hold his tongue and had once told the Chief Weasel about his car

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 son	det
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 son	nmod:poss
3	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hold	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 hold	advmod
6	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tongue	nmod:poss
8	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 told	cc
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 told	aux
11	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	12 told	advmod
12	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 hold	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Weasel	det
14	Chief	Chief	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Weasel	compound
15	Weasel	Weasel	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 told	iobj
16	about	about	ADP	_	18 car	case
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 car	nmod:poss
18	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 told	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hold	could	his son	son's tongue					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme
2	tell speech: assert	past · perfect	his son not said here		the Chief Weasel			about son's car; once property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent weasel=Recipient about car=Topic

Option 3

That his son could not hold his tongue, and would boast of it at every inn in the county

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 son	det
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 son	nmod:poss
3	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hold	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 hold	advmod
6	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tongue	nmod:poss
8	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 boast	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 boast	cc
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 boast	aux
12	boast	boast	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 hold	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 boast	obl
15	at	at	ADP	_	17 inn	case
16	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	17 inn	det
17	inn	inn	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boast	obl
18	in	in	ADP	_	20 county	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 county	det
20	county	county	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 boast	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hold	could	his son	son's tongue					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme
2	boast speech: other	would	his son not said here			every inn		of tongue; in the county	vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

That his son could not hold his tongue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 son	det
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 son	nmod:poss
3	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	nsubj
4	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hold	aux
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 hold	advmod
6	hold	hold	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 tongue	nmod:poss
8	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hold	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hold	could	his son	son's tongue					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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