Test 5 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter IV, part 1: Stuck in the Whit…

Rory from Belfast: "Wee Pat's an eejit, diggin' for apples, so he is." ("wee" = little, "eejit" = idiot.) Why is "digging for apples" nonsense?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Pat · What happens: be, dig

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 7 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter IV, part 1: Stuck in the White Rabbit's house» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Rory from Belfast: "Wee Pat's an eejit, diggin' for apples, so he is."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rory	Rory	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	from	from	ADP	_	3 Belfast	case
3	Belfast	Belfast	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Rory	nmod
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 eejit	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 eejit	punct
6	Wee	Wee	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Pat	compound
7	Pat	Pat	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 eejit	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Pat	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 eejit	det
10	eejit	eejit	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Rory	parataxis
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 diggin	punct
12	diggin	diggin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 eejit	appos
13	'	'	PUNCT	_	12 diggin	punct
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 apples	case
15	apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 diggin	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 is	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	19 is	advmod
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 is	nsubj
19	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Rory	parataxis
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	19 is	punct
21	"	"	PUNCT	_	19 is	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be in a quote	present	Pat						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: ("wee" = little, "eejit" = idiot.)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 wee	punct
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 wee	punct
3	wee	wee	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 wee	punct
5	=	=	SYM	_	6 little	punct
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 wee	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 eejit	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 eejit	punct
9	eejit	eejit	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wee	conj
10	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 eejit	punct
11	=	=	SYM	_	12 idiot	punct
12	idiot	idiot	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wee	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 wee	punct
14	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 wee	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Sentence 3: Why is "digging for apples" nonsense?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 digging	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 digging	aux
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	4 digging	punct
4	digging	dig	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 apples	case
6	apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 digging	obl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 nonsense	punct
8	nonsense	nonsense	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 apples	conj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 digging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dig in a quote	present · progressive						for apples and nonsense	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for apple=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Apples grow on trees in orchards, and digging would only damage the roots and the soil around them

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 trees	case
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obl
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 orchards	case
6	orchards	orchard	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 damage	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 damage	cc
9	digging	dig	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 damage	nsubj
10	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 damage	aux
11	only	only	ADV	_	12 damage	advmod
12	damage	damage	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 grow	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 roots	det
14	roots	root	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 damage	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 soil	cc
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 soil	det
17	soil	soil	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 roots	conj
18	around	around	ADP	_	19 them	case
19	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 damage	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Apples		trees	in orchards	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location
2	dig	gerund					vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	damage	would		the roots and the soil		around Apples = apple	vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent root=Patient

Option 2

Apples grow on trees, not under the ground, and nobody would dig for them in the cold winter months

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 trees	case
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ground	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 ground	advmod
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 ground	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ground	det
9	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 dig	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 dig	cc
12	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	14 dig	nsubj
13	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 dig	aux
14	dig	dig	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 grow	conj
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 them	case
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 dig	obl
17	in	in	ADP	_	21 months	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 months	det
19	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 months	amod
20	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 months	compound
21	months	month	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 dig	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Apples			trees		under the ground	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location
2	dig	would	nobody				month	for Apples = apple	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for they=Theme

Option 3

Apples are grown in orchards by gardeners

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grown	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grown	aux:pass
3	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 orchards	case
5	orchards	orchard	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grown	obl
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 gardeners	case
7	gardeners	gardener	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 grown	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present · passive	gardeners	Apples		orchards			vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Apples grow on trees, not under the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Apples	apple	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	nsubj
2	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 trees	case
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 grow	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 ground	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 ground	advmod
7	under	under	ADP	_	9 ground	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ground	det
9	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 grow	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow	present	Apples			trees		under the ground	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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