Exam question 1 · Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 4…

Which of the following best describes the means by which the youth conceals the animals from the herdsman?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: the, youth · What happens: follow, describe, mean, conceal · To what, where: animals, herdsman

This is exam question 1 of lesson 703 «Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 43: the youth hides the pigs and sheep and tricks the herdsman» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 describes	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 best	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 best	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 best	case
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 describes	nmod
6	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 means	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 means	nsubj
8	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 which	case
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 conceals	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 youth	det
12	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 conceals	nsubj
13	conceals	conceal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 means	parataxis
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 animals	det
15	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 conceals	obj
16	from	from	ADP	_	18 herdsman	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 herdsman	det
18	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 conceals	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present	the not said here			of the best	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent which=Theme
3	mean	present	the				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
4	conceal	present	the youth	the animals	the herdsman		vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent animal=Patient from herdsman=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He sinks the pigs in a swamp by their tails and hangs the ram's head on bushes above the rock so the bells ring

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 pigs	det
4	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sinks	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 swamp	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 swamp	det
7	swamp	swamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	obl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 tails	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 tails	nmod:poss
10	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sinks	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 hangs	cc
12	hangs	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 ram	det
14	ram	ram	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 head	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 ram	case
16	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hangs	obj
17	on	on	ADP	_	18 bushes	case
18	bushes	bush	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 hangs	obl
19	above	above	ADP	_	21 rock	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 rock	det
21	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 hangs	obl
22	so	so	SCONJ	_	25 ring	mark
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 bells	det
24	bells	bell	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 ring	nsubj
25	ring	ring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 hangs	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sink	present	He	the pigs	a swamp	by pigs's tails	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pig=Patient
2	hang	present	He not said here	the ram's head	bushes	above the rock	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme on bush=Destination
3	ring	present	the bells				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

He sinks the pigs in a swamp and hangs the ram's head on bushes

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 pigs	det
4	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sinks	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 swamp	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 swamp	det
7	swamp	swamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hangs	cc
9	hangs	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 ram	det
11	ram	ram	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 head	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 ram	case
13	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hangs	obj
14	on	on	ADP	_	15 bushes	case
15	bushes	bush	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 hangs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	He	the pigs		a swamp			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent pig=Patient
2	hang	present	He not said here	the ram's head		bushes			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme on bush=Destination

Option 3

He sinks the sheep in a pond and hangs the goat's skin on the wall

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sheep	det
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sinks	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 pond	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pond	det
7	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hangs	cc
9	hangs	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sinks	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 goat	det
11	goat	goat	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 skin	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 goat	case
13	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hangs	obj
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 wall	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 wall	det
16	wall	wall	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hangs	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	He	the sheep		a pond			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sheep=Patient
2	hang	present	He not said here	the goat's skin		the wall			vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent skin=Theme on wall=Destination

Option 4

He drives the sheep to the woods and hides the pigs in the marsh

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 drives	nsubj
2	drives	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sheep	det
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drives	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 woods	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 woods	det
7	woods	wood	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 drives	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hides	cc
9	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 drives	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pigs	det
11	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 hides	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 marsh	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 marsh	det
14	marsh	marsh	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hides	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	present	He	the sheep		the woods			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sheep=Theme to wood=Trajectory
2	hide	present	He not said here	the pigs		the marsh			vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pig=Patient in marsh=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/703-pg2435-part43/e1/