Exam question 3 · Fairy Tales of Many Lands, The Clever Youth and the Herdsm…

By what means did the youth obtain the herdsman's youngest daughter in marriage?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: youth · What happens: mean, do, obtain · To what, where: youngest daughter, marriage

This is exam question 3 of lesson 704 «Fairy Tales of Many Lands, The Clever Youth and the Herdsman: he loses the king's golden ox, dodges the scythes, and wins a bride» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 what	case
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 did	obj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 what	acl:relcl
4	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 youth	det
6	youth	youth	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 obtain	nsubj
7	obtain	obtain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 did	ccomp
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 herdsman	det
9	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 daughter	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 herdsman	case
11	youngest	young	ADJ	Degree=Sup	12 daughter	amod
12	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 obtain	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 marriage	case
14	marriage	marriage	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 obtain	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 did	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	mean	present				vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
2	do	past				tree rules
3	obtain	present	the youth	the herdsman's youngest daughter	marriage	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset daughter=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

by begging his master for her

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 begging	mark
2	begging	beg	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 master	nmod:poss
4	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 begging	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 her	case
6	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 begging	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beg speech: request	gerund		his master				for her = she	vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP PP.Topic»: agent=Agent master=Recipient for she=Topic

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

by threatening his master with a drawn sword

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 threatening	mark
2	threatening	threaten	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 master	nmod:poss
4	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 threatening	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 sword	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sword	det
7	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 sword	amod
8	sword	sword	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 threatening	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	threaten	gerund		his master				with a drawn sword	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus master=Experiencer
2	draw	participle							vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

by threatening his master

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 threatening	mark
2	threatening	threaten	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 master	nmod:poss
4	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 threatening	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	threaten	gerund		his master					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus master=Experiencer

Option 4

by offering his master a fine gold ring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	by	by	SCONJ	_	2 offering	mark
2	offering	offer	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 master	nmod:poss
4	master	master	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offering	obj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 ring	det
6	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ring	amod
7	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ring	compound
8	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 offering	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	offer	gerund		his master					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent master=Goal ring=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/704-pg2435-part44/e3/