Exam question 1 · Household Tales, The Two Friends: a king's poison fails, a…

Which of the following describes the action by which the king's son restores his friend to life, according to the text?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: son · What happens: follow, describe, restore, accord · To what, where: action, friend, life

This is exam question 1 of lesson 722 «Household Tales, The Two Friends: a king's poison fails, a friend is revived, and a saint asks for a baby's blood» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 describes	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 describes	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 describes	nsubj
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 action	det
7	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 describes	obj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 restores	obl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 king	det
11	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 son	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 king	case
13	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 restores	nsubj
14	restores	restore	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 action	acl:relcl
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 friend	nmod:poss
16	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 restores	obj
17	to	to	ADP	_	18 life	case
18	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 restores	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 text	punct
20	according	accord	VERB	ExtPos=ADP Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 text	case
21	to	to	ADP	_	20 according	fixed
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 text	det
23	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 restores	conj
24	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the action			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent action=Theme
3	restore	present	the king's son	son's friend	life	by the action	vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent friend=Theme to life=Recipient
4	accord	gerund					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

He opens the veins of his infant daughter and smears her blood upon the wounds of the sick man.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 opens	nsubj
2	opens	open	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 veins	det
4	veins	vein	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 opens	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 daughter	case
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 daughter	nmod:poss
7	infant	infant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 daughter	amod
8	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 veins	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 smears	cc
10	smears	smear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 opens	conj
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 blood	nmod:poss
12	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 smears	obj
13	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 wounds	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wounds	det
15	wounds	wound	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 smears	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	19 man	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 man	det
18	sick	sick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 man	amod
19	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 wounds	nmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 opens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	open	present	He	the veins of his infant daughter		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location vein=Theme
2	smear	present	He not said here	her blood	the wounds of the sick man	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent blood=Theme upon wound=Destination
3	wound			the sick man		nom wound «state transitive»: of=patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

He takes his infant daughter to the holy shrine, asks St. James to heal her, and then offers her body to the saint as a sacrifice before the altar.

The tree, 29 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 takes	nsubj
2	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 daughter	nmod:poss
4	infant	infant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 daughter	amod
5	daughter	daughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 takes	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	9 shrine	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shrine	det
8	holy	holy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 shrine	amod
9	shrine	shrine	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 takes	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 asks	punct
11	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 takes	conj
12	St.	St.	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 James	nmod:desc
13	James	James	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 asks	obj
14	to	to	PART	_	15 heal	mark
15	heal	heal	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 asks	xcomp
16	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 heal	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 offers	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 offers	cc
19	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	20 offers	advmod
20	offers	offer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 takes	parataxis
21	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 body	nmod:poss
22	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 offers	obj
23	to	to	ADP	_	25 saint	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 saint	det
25	saint	saint	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 offers	obl
26	as	as	ADP	_	28 sacrifice	case
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 sacrifice	det
28	sacrifice	sacrifice	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 offers	obl
29	before	before	ADP	_	31 altar	case
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 altar	det
31	altar	altar	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 offers	obl
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 takes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	He	his infant daughter		the holy shrine			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme to shrine=Destination
2	ask speech: ask	present	He not said here		James St.				vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent james=Recipient clause=Topic
3	heal not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here	James					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent she=Patient
4	offer	present		James's body			before the altar; then	to the saint goal; as a sacrifice	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent body=Theme to saint=Goal

Option 3

He cuts his own veins and spreads his blood upon the dying friend's wounds at the altar.

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 cuts	nsubj
2	cuts	cut	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 veins	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 veins	amod
5	veins	vein	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 cuts	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 spreads	cc
7	spreads	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 cuts	conj
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 blood	nmod:poss
9	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spreads	obj
10	upon	upon	ADP	_	15 wounds	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 friend	det
12	dying	die	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 friend	amod
13	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 wounds	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 friend	case
15	wounds	wound	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 spreads	obl
16	at	at	ADP	_	18 altar	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 altar	det
18	altar	altar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spreads	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 cuts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cut	present	He	his own veins			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vein=Product
2	spread	present	He not said here	his blood	the altar	upon the dying friend's wounds	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination-Conative»: agent=Agent blood=Theme at altar=Destination
3	die	gerund					vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
4	wound		the dying friend				nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

He burns incense and waits beside the sleeping man at the shrine for three days.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 burns	nsubj
2	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	incense	incense	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 burns	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 waits	cc
5	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 burns	conj
6	beside	beside	ADP	_	9 man	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 man	det
8	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 man	compound
9	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 waits	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 shrine	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 shrine	det
12	shrine	shrine	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 man	nmod
13	for	for	ADP	_	15 days	case
14	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	15 days	nummod
15	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 waits	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 burns	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	burn	present	He	incense					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent incense=Theme
2	wait	present	He not said here				day	beside the sleeping man at the shrine	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside man=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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