Exam question 3 · Grimm Fairy Tales, The Golden Bird, part 1: the youngest s…
By what means was the youngest son sentenced to a penalty of death by the court?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: mean, be, sentence · To what, where: youngest son
This is exam question 3 of lesson 725 «Grimm Fairy Tales, The Golden Bird, part 1: the youngest son catches the bird, is caught, and must fetch a golden horse» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 2 what | case |
| 2 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 son | obl |
| 3 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 what | acl:relcl |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 son | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 son | det |
| 6 | youngest | young | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 son | amod |
| 7 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | sentenced | sentence | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 son | acl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 penalty | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 penalty | det |
| 11 | penalty | penalty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sentenced | obl |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 death | case |
| 13 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 penalty | nmod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 court | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 court | det |
| 16 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sentenced | obl |
| 17 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 son | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | the youngest son | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | sentence | participle | the youngest son not said here | to a penalty of death; by the court | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
By placing the bird in the golden cage and waking the soldiers at the castle gate
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 placing | mark |
| 2 | placing | place | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 cage | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cage | det |
| 7 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cage | amod |
| 8 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obl |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 waking | cc |
| 10 | waking | wake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 placing | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 soldiers | det |
| 12 | soldiers | soldier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 waking | obj |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 gate | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 gate | det |
| 15 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 gate | compound |
| 16 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 waking | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | gerund | the bird | the golden cage | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme in cage=Destination | ||||
| 2 | wake | gerund | the soldiers | the castle gate | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent soldier=Patient |
Option 2
By shooting the bird from the tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 shooting | mark |
| 2 | shooting | shoot | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 shooting | obj |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 tree | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 tree | det |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 shooting | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot | gerund | the bird | the tree | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent bird=Theme from tree=Initial_Location |
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer
By placing the bird in the golden cage
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 placing | mark |
| 2 | placing | place | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 cage | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cage | det |
| 7 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cage | amod |
| 8 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | gerund | the bird | the golden cage | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme in cage=Destination |
Option 4
By placing the bird in the golden cage, which the fox had warned him against
The tree, 15 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 2 placing | mark |
| 2 | placing | place | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 cage | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cage | det |
| 7 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 cage | amod |
| 8 | cage | cage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 placing | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 warned | punct |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 warned | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 fox | det |
| 12 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 warned | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 warned | aux |
| 14 | warned | warn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 cage | acl:relcl |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 warned | obj |
| 16 | against | against | ADP | _ | 14 warned | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | place | gerund | the bird | the golden cage | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bird=Theme in cage=Destination | ||||
| 2 | warn speech: warn | past · perfect · passive | the golden cage | fox | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/725-pg2591-part1/e3/