Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 4: The Return o…

Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the reputation of the Badger among the mother-weasels?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: established facts · What happens: follow, be, establish, concern, repute · To what, where: reputation, Badger

This is exam question 4 of lesson 73 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 4: The Return of Ulysses (Toad's last little song, an altered Toad, and the end of the book)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 consistent	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 consistent	cop
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 facts	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 facts	det
10	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 facts	amod
11	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 facts	acl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 reputation	det
14	reputation	reputation	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 Badger	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 Badger	det
17	Badger	Badger	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 reputation	nmod
18	among	among	ADP	_	22 weasels	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 weasels	det
20	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 weasels	compound
21	-	-	PUNCT	_	20 mother	punct
22	weasels	weasel	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 concerning	obl
23	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the reputation of the Badger	among the mother weasels	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus reputation=Experiencer
5	repute			the Badger		nom reputation «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They used his name to frighten infants, though he was fond of children

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 name	nmod:poss
4	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 frighten	mark
6	frighten	frighten	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 used	advcl
7	infants	infant	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 frighten	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 fond	punct
9	though	though	SCONJ	_	12 fond	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 fond	nsubj
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 fond	cop
12	fond	fond	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 used	parataxis
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 children	case
14	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 fond	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	use	past	They	his name		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient
2	frighten	to-infinitive	They not said here	infants		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus infant=Experiencer
3	is	past	he		of children; fond property	tree rules
4	name		his = he			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

They loved him dearly, and told stories of him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 loved	nsubj
2	loved	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 loved	obj
4	dearly	dearly	ADV	_	2 loved	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 told	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 told	cc
7	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 loved	conj
8	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 told	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 him	case
10	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 stories	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	love	past	They	him = he				dearly property	vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
2	tell speech: assert	past	They not said here	stories of him					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient

Option 3

They used his name to frighten babies and were feared by him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 name	nmod:poss
4	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 frighten	mark
6	frighten	frighten	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 used	advcl
7	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 frighten	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 feared	cc
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 feared	aux:pass
10	feared	fear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 used	conj
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 him	case
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 feared	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	use	past	They	his name	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient
2	frighten	to-infinitive	They not said here	babies	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus baby=Experiencer
3	fear	past · passive	him = he		vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4	name		his = he		nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

They used his name to frighten naughty babies, though in truth he was fond of children and kind to them

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 used	nsubj
2	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 name	nmod:poss
4	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 used	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 frighten	mark
6	frighten	frighten	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 used	advcl
7	naughty	naughty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 babies	amod
8	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 frighten	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 fond	punct
10	though	though	SCONJ	_	15 fond	mark
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 truth	case
12	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 fond	obl
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 fond	nsubj
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 fond	cop
15	fond	fond	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 used	parataxis
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 children	case
17	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 fond	obl
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 kind	cc
19	kind	kind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 fond	conj
20	to	to	ADP	_	21 them	case
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 kind	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	use	past	They	his name				vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient
2	frighten	to-infinitive	They not said here	naughty babies				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus baby=Experiencer
3	is	past	he			truth	of children; fond property	tree rules
4	be		he not said here		children = child			tree rules
5	name		his = he					nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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