Test 2 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 4: The Return o…

Why does Toad sing the song alone in his bedroom?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Toad · What happens: sing · To what, where: song, bedroom

This is test 2 · ★★★ of lesson 73 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter XII, part 4: The Return of Ulysses (Toad's last little song, an altered Toad, and the end of the book)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 sing	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sing	aux
3	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 sing	nsubj
4	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 song	det
6	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obj
7	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 sing	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 bedroom	case
9	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 bedroom	nmod:poss
10	bedroom	bedroom	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sing	obl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 sing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	present · do-support	Toad	the song		Toad's bedroom		alone property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He wanted to sing alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wanted	nsubj
2	wanted	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 sing	mark
4	sing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wanted	xcomp
5	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 sing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	past	He						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	sing speech: express not said to happen	to-infinitive	He not said here					alone property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Because the guests were too tired and he did not want to tire them further

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 tired	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 guests	det
3	guests	guest	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 tired	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tired	cop
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 tired	advmod
6	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 want	cc
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 want	nsubj
9	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 want	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 want	advmod
11	want	want	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 tired	conj
12	to	to	PART	_	13 tire	mark
13	tire	tire	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 want	xcomp
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 tire	obj
15	further	further	ADV	_	13 tire	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	the guests		tired property	tree rules
2	not want	past · do-support	he			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	tire not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here	guests = guest	further property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

He had promised his friends no songs at the Banquet, and he kept to it

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 promised	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 promised	aux
3	promised	promise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 friends	nmod:poss
5	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 promised	obj
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 songs	det
7	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 friends	conj
8	at	at	ADP	_	10 Banquet	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Banquet	det
10	Banquet	banquet	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 promised	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 kept	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 kept	cc
13	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 kept	nsubj
14	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 promised	parataxis
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 it	case
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	promise speech: promise	past · perfect	He		his friends and no songs	the Banquet			vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent friend=Theme
2	keep	past	he		Banquet				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He promised no songs at the Banquet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 promised	nsubj
2	promised	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 songs	det
4	songs	song	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 promised	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 Banquet	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Banquet	det
7	Banquet	banquet	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 promised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	promise speech: promise	past	He	no songs		the Banquet			vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent song=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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