Test 16 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got hi…

★★★ Read carefully: did the Mariner make the grating before or after he asked to be taken home?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ★ ★, Mariner · What happens: read, make, ask, take · To what, where: grating · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 16 · ★ of lesson 74 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ★	compound
2	★	★	PUNCT	_	1 ★	punct
3	★	★	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 Read	nsubj
4	Read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	carefully	carefully	ADV	_	4 Read	advmod
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 make	punct
7	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 make	aux
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Mariner	det
9	Mariner	Mariner	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 make	nsubj
10	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 Read	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 grating	det
12	grating	grating	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 make	obj
13	before	before	SCONJ	_	17 asked	mark
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 after	cc
15	after	after	ADP	_	13 before	conj
16	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 asked	nsubj
17	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 make	advcl
18	to	to	PART	_	20 taken	mark
19	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	20 taken	aux:pass
20	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 asked	ccomp
21	home	home	ADV	_	20 taken	advmod
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 Read	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	read	infinitive	★ ★		carefully property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	make	past · do-support	the Mariner	the grating		vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grating=Product
3	ask speech: ask	past	Mariner			vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	take not said to happen	to-infinitive · passive			home property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Before: he asked to be taken home first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Before	before	SCONJ	_	4 asked	mark
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Before	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 asked	nsubj
4	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	7 taken	mark
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 taken	aux:pass
7	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 asked	ccomp
8	home	home	ADV	_	7 taken	advmod
9	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	7 taken	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	past	he						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	take not said to happen	to-infinitive · passive						first, home property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»

Option 2

Before: he made the grating first, then asked the Whale to take him home

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Before	before	SCONJ	_	4 made	mark
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Before	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 grating	det
6	grating	grating	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obj
7	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 made	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 asked	punct
9	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 asked	advmod
10	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Whale	det
12	Whale	whale	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 asked	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 take	mark
14	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 asked	xcomp
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 take	obj
16	home	home	ADV	_	14 take	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	he	the grating			first property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grating=Product
2	ask speech: ask	past	he not said here		the Whale	then		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S_INF»: agent=Agent whale=Recipient clause=Topic
3	take not said to happen	to-infinitive	he not said here		Whale		home property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

After: he made it while the Whale was swimming

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	SCONJ	_	4 made	mark
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 made	obj
6	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 swimming	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Whale	det
8	Whale	whale	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 swimming	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 swimming	aux
10	swimming	swim	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 made	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	he	it					vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product
2	swim	past · progressive	the Whale						vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Before he was swallowed by the Whale

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Before	before	SCONJ	_	4 swallowed	mark
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 swallowed	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 swallowed	aux:pass
4	swallowed	swallow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 Whale	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Whale	det
7	Whale	whale	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 swallowed	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swallow	past · passive	the Whale	he					vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/74-justso-whale-throat/t16/