Exam question 1 · Grimm's Fairy Tales, Tom Thumb: swallowed by a cow and a w…

Which of the following describes the manner in which the wolf was dispatched by the woodman?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: woodman · What happens: follow, describe, dispatch · To what, where: manner, wolf

This is exam question 1 of lesson 749 «Grimm's Fairy Tales, Tom Thumb: swallowed by a cow and a wolf, Tom talks his way out and goes home» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 describes	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	5 describes	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 describes	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 describes	nsubj
5	describes	describe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 manner	det
7	manner	manner	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 describes	obj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 dispatched	obl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 wolf	det
11	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 dispatched	nsubj:pass
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	13 dispatched	aux:pass
13	dispatched	dispatch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 manner	acl:relcl
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 woodman	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 woodman	det
16	woodman	woodman	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 dispatched	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 describes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	describe	present		the manner		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent manner=Theme
3	dispatch	past · passive	the woodman	the wolf	the manner	vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He was struck repeatedly upon the head with a heavy axe until dead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 struck	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 struck	aux:pass
3	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	repeatedly	repeatedly	ADV	_	3 struck	advmod
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 head	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 head	det
7	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 struck	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 axe	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 axe	det
10	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 axe	amod
11	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 struck	obl
12	until	until	ADP	_	13 dead	case
13	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 struck	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	past · passive		He			until dead	upon the head; with a heavy axe; repeatedly property	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with axe=Instrument

Option 2

He was hit on the head

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hit	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hit	aux:pass
3	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 head	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 head	det
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	past · passive		He				on the head	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Instrument on head=Patient

Option 3

He was hit with an axe and lay still

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 hit	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 hit	aux:pass
3	hit	hit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 axe	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 axe	det
6	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hit	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lay	cc
8	lay	lay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 hit	conj
9	still	still	ADV	_	8 lay	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	past · passive		He				with a axe	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with axe=Instrument
2	lay	infinitive					still		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He was struck upon the head and killed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 struck	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 struck	aux:pass
3	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 head	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 head	det
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 struck	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 killed	cc
8	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 struck	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	past · passive		He				upon the head	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Instrument
2	kill	past							vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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