Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels…

Which circumstance compels the beetle to take refuge beneath the linen during the storm?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: circumstance · What happens: compel, take · To what, where: beetle, refuge

This is exam question 2 of lesson 798 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels: a vain beetle wants golden shoes and finds only mud» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 circumstance	det
2	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 compels	nsubj
3	compels	compel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 beetle	det
5	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 compels	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 take	mark
7	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 compels	csubj
8	refuge	refuge	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	obj
9	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	11 linen	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 linen	det
11	linen	linen	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	obl
12	during	during	ADP	_	14 storm	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 storm	det
14	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 take	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 compels	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compel	present	which circumstance	the beetle					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beetle=Patient
2	take	to-infinitive		refuge			during the storm	beneath the linen	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent refuge=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He is cold and wet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 cold	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 cold	cop
3	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 wet	cc
5	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cold	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					cold property	tree rules
2	be		He not said here						tree rules

Option 2

It starts to storm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 starts	nsubj
2	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 storm	mark
4	storm	storm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 starts	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	start	present	It						vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	storm	to-infinitive							vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»

Option 3

Heavy clouds gather and water drips on him as he dozes in the long grass

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 clouds	amod
2	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gather	nsubj
3	gather	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 drips	cc
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 drips	compound
6	drips	drip	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 gather	conj
7	on	on	ADP	_	8 him	case
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 gather	obl
9	as	as	SCONJ	_	11 dozes	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 dozes	nsubj
11	dozes	doze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gather	advcl
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 grass	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 grass	det
14	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 grass	amod
15	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 dozes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	present	Heavy clouds					on him = he	vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	doze	present	he			the long grass			vn snooze-40.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A heavy downpour of rain falls upon him while he sleeps on the lawn

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 downpour	det
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 downpour	amod
3	downpour	downpour	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 falls	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 rain	case
5	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 downpour	nmod
6	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 him	case
8	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 falls	obl
9	while	while	SCONJ	_	11 sleeps	mark
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sleeps	nsubj
11	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 falls	advcl
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 lawn	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 lawn	det
14	lawn	lawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sleeps	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	a heavy downpour of rain					upon him = he	vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon he=Location
2	sleep	present	downpour			the lawn			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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