Exam question 2 · Andersen, The Bishop of Borglum and His Warriors, part 14:…

Which of the following accurately records the sequence by which the widow's son became aware of his mother's situation?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: son · What happens: follow, record, become · To what, where: sequence

This is exam question 2 of lesson 803 «Andersen, The Bishop of Borglum and His Warriors, part 14: the widow's son returns, and Olaf Hase breaks into the church on Christmas night» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 records	nsubj
2	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 records	mark
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 records	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 records	nsubj
5	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	6 records	advmod
6	records	record	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 sequence	det
8	sequence	sequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 records	obj
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 which	case
10	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 became	obl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 widow	det
12	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 son	nmod:poss
13	's	's	PART	_	12 widow	case
14	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 became	nsubj
15	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 records	conj
16	aware	aware	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 became	xcomp
17	of	of	ADP	_	21 situation	case
18	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 mother	nmod:poss
19	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 situation	nmod:poss
20	's	's	PART	_	19 mother	case
21	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 aware	obl
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 records	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	record	present		the sequence	accurately property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sequence=Theme
3	become	past	the widow's son		aware property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The knight learned of the widow's flight from Thyland when a messenger reached him, then tracked her to Franconia where he found her

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 knight	det
2	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learned	nsubj
3	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	8 flight	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 widow	det
6	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flight	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 widow	case
8	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 learned	obl
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 Thyland	case
10	Thyland	Thyland	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 flight	nmod
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	14 reached	mark
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 messenger	det
13	messenger	messenger	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 reached	nsubj
14	reached	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 learned	advcl
15	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 reached	obj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 tracked	punct
17	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	18 tracked	advmod
18	tracked	track	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 learned	conj
19	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 tracked	obj
20	to	to	ADP	_	21 Franconia	case
21	Franconia	Franconia	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 tracked	obl
22	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	24 found	advmod
23	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 found	nsubj
24	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	18 tracked	advcl
25	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 found	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	the knight				of the widow's flight from Thyland	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent of flight=Topic
2	reach	past	a messenger	knight				vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent he=Theme
3	track	past	the knight not said here	messenger	Franconia	then		vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent she=Theme to franconia=Trajectory
4	find	past	knight	messenger				vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Topic

Option 2

A priest in Franconia informed the knight of her flight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 priest	det
2	priest	priest	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 informed	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Franconia	case
4	Franconia	Franconia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 priest	nmod
5	informed	inform	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 knight	det
7	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 informed	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 flight	case
9	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 flight	nmod:poss
10	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 knight	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inform speech: other	past	a priest in Franconia		the knight of priest's flight				vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent knight=Recipient

Option 3

The widow's maid wrote to her son in Ribe, and the knight travelled to Franconia where he found the widow on the heath, weeping.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 widow	det
2	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 maid	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 widow	case
4	maid	maid	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrote	nsubj
5	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 son	case
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 son	nmod:poss
8	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrote	obl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 Ribe	case
10	Ribe	Ribe	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 wrote	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 travelled	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 travelled	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 knight	det
14	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 travelled	nsubj
15	travelled	travel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 wrote	conj
16	to	to	ADP	_	17 Franconia	case
17	Franconia	Franconia	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 travelled	obl
18	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	20 found	advmod
19	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 found	nsubj
20	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 travelled	advcl
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 widow	det
22	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 found	obj
23	on	on	ADP	_	25 heath	case
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 heath	det
25	heath	heath	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 found	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 weeping	punct
27	weeping	weeping	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 heath	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 wrote	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	write	past	the widow's maid		maid's son	Ribe	vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.recipient PP.topic»: agent=Agent to son=Recipient
2	travel	past	the knight		Franconia		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to franconia=Destination
3	find	past	knight	the widow		the heath and weeping	vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent widow=Topic

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The widow was discovered by a knight in Franconia, who had been informed of her journey from Denmark

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 widow	det
2	widow	widow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 discovered	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 discovered	aux:pass
4	discovered	discover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 knight	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 knight	det
7	knight	knight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 discovered	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 Franconia	case
9	Franconia	Franconia	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 knight	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 informed	punct
11	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 informed	nsubj:pass
12	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 informed	aux
13	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	14 informed	aux:pass
14	informed	inform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 knight	conj
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 journey	case
16	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 journey	nmod:poss
17	journey	journey	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 informed	obl
18	from	from	ADP	_	19 Denmark	case
19	Denmark	Denmark	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 journey	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	discover	past · passive	a knight in Franconia	the widow			vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic
2	inform speech: other	past · perfect · passive		a knight in Franconia		of widow's journey from Denmark	vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient PP.topic»: subject=Recipient of journey=Topic
3	journey		widow		Denmark		nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent from=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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