Exam question 2 · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1:…

It is given that Painted Jaguar inserted his paw into a curled-up animal. Ascertain the consequence.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Painted, you · What happens: give, insert, curl up, ascertain · To what, where: It, paw, consequence

This is exam question 2 of lesson 82 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1: Painted Jaguar and the muddled advice» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that Painted Jaguar inserted his paw into a curled-up animal.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 inserted	mark
5	Painted	Painted	PROPN	_	7 inserted	nsubj
6	Jaguar	Jaguar	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Painted	flat
7	inserted	insert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 given	advcl
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 paw	nmod:poss
9	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 inserted	obj
10	into	into	ADP	_	15 animal	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 animal	det
12	curled	curl	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 animal	amod
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 up	punct
14	up	up	ADP	_	12 curled	compound:prt
15	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 inserted	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	insert	past	Painted	Painted's paw	into a curled animal	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paw=Theme
3	curl up	participle				vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the consequence.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 consequence	det
3	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the consequence					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Topic

The options

Option 1

His paw was tickled and the animal ran off into the hot sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 paw	nmod:poss
2	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tickled	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tickled	aux:pass
4	tickled	tickle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 ran	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ran	nsubj
8	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tickled	conj
9	off	off	ADP	_	8 ran	compound:prt
10	into	into	ADP	_	13 sun	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 sun	det
12	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sun	amod
13	sun	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ran	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tickle	past · passive		His paw					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer
2	run off	past	the animal					into the hot sun result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into sun=Result

Option 2

His paw went numb and the animal rolled into the muddy river below

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 paw	nmod:poss
2	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	numb	numb	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 went	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 rolled	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rolled	nsubj:pass
8	rolled	roll	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 went	conj
9	into	into	ADP	_	12 river	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 river	det
11	muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 river	amod
12	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rolled	obl
13	below	below	ADV	_	12 river	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	His paw					numb property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	roll	participle · passive		the animal		the muddy river			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into river=Trajectory

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

His paw was filled with prickles and the animal was knocked into the bushes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 paw	nmod:poss
2	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 filled	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 filled	aux:pass
4	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 prickles	case
6	prickles	prickle	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 filled	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 knocked	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 animal	det
9	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 knocked	nsubj:pass
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 knocked	aux:pass
11	knocked	knock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 filled	conj
12	into	into	ADP	_	14 bushes	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 bushes	det
14	bushes	bush	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 knocked	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fill	past · passive		His paw				with prickles	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with prickle=Instrument
2	knock	past · passive		the animal		the bushes			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme into bush=Destination

Option 4

His paw was bitten and the animal ran off

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 paw	nmod:poss
2	paw	paw	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bitten	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 bitten	aux:pass
4	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 ran	cc
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 animal	det
7	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ran	nsubj
8	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 bitten	conj
9	off	off	ADP	_	8 ran	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bite	past · passive		His paw					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	run off	past	the animal						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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