Test 17 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 1:…

★★★ The Stranger-man thinks the picture means «enemies are coming». Which of Taffy's drawings did he most likely take for an army?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Stranger man, ★, enemies, Taffy · What happens: think, mean, come, take, draw · To what, where: picture · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 17 · ★ of lesson 84 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 1: a broken spear and a picture on birch-bark» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ The Stranger-man thinks the picture means «enemies are coming».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 means	nsubj
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	SCONJ	_	8 thinks	mark
4	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 man	det
5	Stranger	stranger	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 man	compound
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	5 Stranger	punct
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 thinks	nsubj
8	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 means	csubj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 picture	det
10	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 thinks	obj
11	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	15 coming	punct
13	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 coming	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 coming	aux
15	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	11 means	ccomp
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 coming	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	the Stranger man	the picture	vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot picture=Theme
2	mean	present	★		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	come in a quote	present · progressive	enemies		vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which of Taffy's drawings did he most likely take for an army?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 take	obj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 drawings	case
3	Taffy	Taffy	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 drawings	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 Taffy	case
5	drawings	drawing	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 take	obl
6	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 take	aux
7	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 take	nsubj
8	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	9 likely	advmod
9	likely	likely	ADV	_	10 take	advmod
10	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 army	case
12	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 army	det
13	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 take	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	10 take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past · do-support	★					of Taffy's drawings; for a army; likely property	vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP PP.source PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent which=Theme of drawing=Source for army=Beneficiary
2	draw		Taffy						nom drawing «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The beavers' heads in the swamp

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beavers	det
2	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 heads	nmod:poss
3	'	's	PART	_	2 beavers	case
4	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 swamp	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 swamp	det
7	swamp	swamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heads	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

The spear sticking in Daddy's back with the blood-red bark

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 spear	det
2	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	sticking	stick	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 spear	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 back	case
5	Daddy	Daddy	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 back	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Daddy	case
7	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sticking	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	13 bark	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bark	det
10	blood	blood	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 red	compound
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	10 blood	punct
12	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 bark	amod
13	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sticking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stick	gerund	the spear not said here			Daddy's back		with the red bark	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in back=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

The spears crossed in Daddy's back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 spears	det
2	spears	spear	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	crossed	cross	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 spears	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 back	case
5	Daddy	Daddy	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 back	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Daddy	case
7	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crossed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cross	participle		the spears not said here		Daddy's back			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

The beavers' heads in the swamp, with Mummy and the spears and Daddy's back all in one picture

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 beavers	det
2	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 heads	nmod:poss
3	'	's	PART	_	2 beavers	case
4	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 swamp	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 swamp	det
7	swamp	swamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heads	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 Mummy	punct
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 Mummy	case
10	Mummy	Mummy	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 heads	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 spears	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 spears	det
13	spears	spear	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 Mummy	conj
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 back	cc
15	Daddy	Daddy	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 back	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 Daddy	case
17	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 Mummy	conj
18	all	all	ADV	_	21 picture	advmod
19	in	in	ADP	_	21 picture	case
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 picture	nummod
21	picture	picture	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 back	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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