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Test 14 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3:…

Josh: «I'm dead, the ladies said "Idiot!" ever so politely.» (I'm dead = that's so funny) Why is it a joke?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Josh, ladies, I, that, Idiot · What happens: be, say · To what, where: Idiot, joke · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 14 · ★ of lesson 86 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Josh: «I'm dead, the ladies said "Idiot!" ever so politely.»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Josh	Josh	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 dead	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 dead	punct
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 dead	punct
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 dead	nsubj
5	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 dead	cop
6	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 said	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ladies	det
9	ladies	lady	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 said	nsubj
10	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 dead	conj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 Idiot	punct
12	Idiot	idiot	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 said	obj
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 Idiot	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 Idiot	punct
15	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	16 so	advmod
16	so	so	ADV	_	17 politely	advmod
17	politely	politely	ADV	_	10 said	advmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 dead	punct
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 dead	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	Josh					dead property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert in a quote	past	the ladies	Idiot				politely property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent idiot=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: (I'm dead = that's so funny) Why is it a joke?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	4 dead	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 dead	nsubj
3	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 dead	cop
4	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	=	=	PUNCT	_	9 funny	punct
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	9 funny	nsubj
7	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 funny	cop
8	so	so	ADV	_	9 funny	advmod
9	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 dead	conj
10	)	)	PUNCT	_	4 dead	punct
11	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	15 joke	advmod
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 joke	cop
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 joke	nsubj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 joke	det
15	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dead	conj
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 dead	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	I					dead property	tree rules
2	is	present	that					funny property	tree rules
3	is a	present	Idiot	a joke					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

«Idiot» means husband

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Idiot	punct
2	Idiot	idiot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	nsubj
3	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Idiot	punct
4	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	husband	husband	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 means	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	Idiot	husband					vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent husband=Topic

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Calling someone «Idiot!» is not polite at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calling	call	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 polite	csubj
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	1 Calling	obj
3	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 Idiot	punct
4	Idiot	idiot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 someone	appos
5	!	!	PUNCT	_	4 Idiot	punct
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	1 Calling	punct
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 polite	cop
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 polite	advmod
9	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	at	at	ADP	_	11 all	case
11	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	9 polite	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	gerund			someone				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient
2	not is	present	Calling			all		polite property	tree rules

Option 3

They really were polite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 polite	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	4 polite	advmod
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 polite	cop
4	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	They					polite property	tree rules

Option 4

They were talking to the beavers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 talking	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 talking	aux
3	talking	talk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 beavers	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 beavers	det
6	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 talking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	past · progressive	They					to the beavers	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to beaver=Co-Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/86-justso-first-letter-3-a-great-invention/t14/