Test 5 · ★ · Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3:…

Kipling ends: very few little girls like learning to read or write. What should we say about that today?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Kipling, few little girls, we · What happens: end, learn, read, write, say · To what, where: few little girls · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 86 «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Kipling ends: very few little girls like learning to read or write.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kipling	Kipling	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 ends	nsubj
2	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 girls	punct
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 few	advmod
5	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 girls	amod
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 girls	amod
7	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 ends	obl
8	like	like	SCONJ	_	9 learning	mark
9	learning	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 girls	acl
10	to	to	PART	_	11 read	mark
11	read	read	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 learning	xcomp
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 write	cc
13	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 read	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 ends	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	end	present	Kipling	few little girls	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	learn	gerund	few little girls not said here		vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	read	to-infinitive	few little girls not said here		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	write	infinitive	few little girls not said here		vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should we say about that today?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 say	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	about	about	ADP	_	6 that	case
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 say	obl
7	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 say	obl:unmarked
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	should	we				today	about that	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1

It is a real law

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 law	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 law	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 law	det
4	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 law	amod
5	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a real law					tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is an old idea that is wrong: girls read and write as well as boys

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 idea	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 idea	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 idea	det
4	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 idea	amod
5	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 wrong	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 wrong	cop
8	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 idea	acl:relcl
9	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 read	punct
10	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 read	nsubj
11	read	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 idea	parataxis
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 write	cc
13	write	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 read	conj
14	as	as	ADV	ExtPos=ADV	13 write	advmod
15	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	14 as	fixed
16	as	as	ADP	_	17 boys	case
17	boys	boy	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 write	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a old idea		tree rules
2	is	present	a old idea		wrong property	tree rules
3	read	present	girls			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	write	present	girls not said here		as boys	vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as boy=Attribute

Option 3

It is true even today, which is why most writers in the world are men

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	even	even	ADV	_	5 today	advmod
5	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 true	obl:unmarked
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 why	punct
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 why	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 why	cop
9	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 true	parataxis
10	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	11 writers	amod
11	writers	writer	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 men	nsubj
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 world	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 world	det
14	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 writers	nmod
15	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 men	cop
16	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 why	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It		today	true property	tree rules
2	is	present				why property	tree rules
3	is a	present	most writers in the world	men			tree rules

Option 4

It is about beavers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 beavers	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 beavers	cop
3	about	about	ADP	_	4 beavers	case
4	beavers	beaver	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					about beavers	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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