Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Ice Maiden, part 73: Rudy clim…

State the principal reason given in the text for Rudy's inability to discharge his firearm upon regaining consciousness.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: give, discharge, regain · To what, where: State principal reason, text, firearm, consciousness

This is exam question 2 of lesson 862 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Ice Maiden, part 73: Rudy climbs the mountain, meets the Ice Maiden, and loses his ring» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reason	compound
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 text	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 text	det
8	text	text	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 given	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 inability	case
10	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 inability	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 Rudy	case
12	inability	inability	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 given	obl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 discharge	mark
14	discharge	discharge	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 given	advcl
15	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 firearm	nmod:poss
16	firearm	firearm	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 discharge	obj
17	upon	upon	SCONJ	_	18 regaining	mark
18	regaining	regain	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 discharge	advcl
19	consciousness	consciousness	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 regaining	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 reason	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	give	participle	the State principal reason not said here	the text	for Rudy's inability	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent for inability=Asset
2	discharge	to-infinitive	Rudy's firearm			vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firearm=Theme
3	regain	gerund	consciousness			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consciousness=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The gun was dropped in the snow and the charge missed fire because of the storm and the cold wind

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 gun	det
2	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dropped	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 dropped	aux:pass
4	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 snow	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 snow	det
7	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dropped	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 missed	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 charge	det
10	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 missed	nsubj
11	missed	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 dropped	conj
12	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 missed	obj
13	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	16 storm	case
14	of	of	ADP	_	13 because	fixed
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 storm	det
16	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 missed	obl
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 wind	cc
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 wind	det
19	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 wind	amod
20	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 storm	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	past · passive		the gun		the snow			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in snow=Destination
2	miss	past	the charge	fire				because the storm and the cold wind	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The charge missed fire in the wet snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 charge	det
2	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 missed	nsubj
3	missed	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 missed	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	8 snow	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 snow	det
7	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 snow	amod
8	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 missed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	miss	past	the charge	fire		the wet snow			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus

Option 3

He had forgotten to load the gun properly before climbing and then the cold froze the lock solid

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 forgotten	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 forgotten	aux
3	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 load	mark
5	load	load	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 forgotten	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 gun	det
7	gun	gun	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 load	obj
8	properly	properly	ADV	_	5 load	advmod
9	before	before	SCONJ	_	10 climbing	mark
10	climbing	climb	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 load	advcl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 froze	cc
12	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 froze	advmod
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 cold	det
14	cold	cold	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 froze	nsubj
15	froze	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 forgotten	conj
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 lock	det
17	lock	lock	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 froze	obj
18	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 froze	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	forget	past · perfect	He				tree rules
2	not load	to-infinitive	He not said here	the gun		properly property	vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent gun=Theme
3	climb	gerund	He not said here				vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	freeze	past	the cold	the lock	then	solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient lock=Result

Option 4

The lock jammed in the frozen air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lock	det
2	lock	lock	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	jammed	jam	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 lock	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 air	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 air	det
6	frozen	freeze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 air	amod
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 jammed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jam	participle		the lock not said here		the frozen air			vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in air=Destination
2	freeze	participle							vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/862-pg27200-part73/e2/