Exam question 3 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, Little Claus and Big Claus, part 1…

Which location does Little Claus observe from the roof of the shed, and what does he see there?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: location, Little · What happens: do, observe, see · To what, where: roof

This is exam question 3 of lesson 868 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Little Claus and Big Claus, part 1: Big Claus kills Little Claus's only horse, and Little Claus climbs onto a shed roof to watch a feast» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 location	det
2	location	location	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 does	nsubj
3	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Little	Little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 observe	nsubj
5	Claus	Claus	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Little	flat
6	observe	observe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 does	ccomp
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 roof	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 roof	det
9	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 observe	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 shed	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 shed	det
12	shed	shed	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 roof	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 see	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 see	cc
15	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 see	obj
16	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 see	aux
17	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 see	nsubj
18	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 does	parataxis
19	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	18 see	advmod
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	do	present	which location		tree rules
2	observe	present	Little	the roof of the shed	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	see	present · do-support	location	there	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The farmhouse window, where a fire burns brightly and a sleeping child lies in a warm cradle

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 window	det
2	farmhouse	farmhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 window	compound
3	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 burns	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 burns	punct
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	8 burns	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 fire	det
7	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 burns	nsubj
8	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	brightly	brightly	ADV	_	8 burns	advmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 lies	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 child	det
12	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 child	amod
13	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lies	nsubj
14	lies	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 burns	conj
15	in	in	ADP	_	18 cradle	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 cradle	det
17	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 cradle	amod
18	cradle	cradle	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lies	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	burn	present	the farmhouse window		brightly property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	sleep	gerund				vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	lie	present	a sleeping child	a warm cradle		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cradle=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The farmhouse window, where a feast is laid out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 window	det
2	farmhouse	farmhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 window	compound
3	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 laid	punct
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 laid	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 feast	det
7	feast	feast	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 laid	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 laid	aux:pass
9	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 window	acl:relcl
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 laid	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay out	present · passive		a feast					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result

Option 3

The farmhouse window, where a feast is laid out for the guests and the family is singing loudly in the hall

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 window	det
2	farmhouse	farmhouse	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 window	compound
3	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 singing	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 laid	punct
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 laid	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 feast	det
7	feast	feast	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 laid	nsubj:pass
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 laid	aux:pass
9	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 window	acl:relcl
10	out	out	ADP	_	9 laid	compound:prt
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 guests	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 guests	det
13	guests	guest	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 laid	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 family	cc
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 family	det
16	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 guests	conj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 singing	aux
18	singing	sing	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
19	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	18 singing	advmod
20	in	in	ADP	_	22 hall	case
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 hall	det
22	hall	hall	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 singing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay out	present · passive		a feast				for the guests and the family	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Result for guest=Beneficiary
2	sing speech: express	present · progressive	the farmhouse window			the hall		loudly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in hall=Location

Option 4

The chimney of the farm, where smoke rises

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chimney	det
2	chimney	chimney	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rises	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 farm	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 farm	det
5	farm	farm	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 chimney	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 rises	punct
7	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 rises	advmod
8	smoke	smoke	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 rises	nsubj
9	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rise	present	the chimney of the farm						vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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