Exam question 1 · Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 2: yo, so…

Identify the meaning, in the language of the Tribe of Tegumai, of the word «yo».

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify · To what, where: meaning, language

This is exam question 1 of lesson 88 «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 2: yo, so, sho, shi, and shu-ya, the sky-water» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 meaning	det
3	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 language	punct
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 language	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 language	det
7	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 Tribe	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Tribe	det
10	Tribe	Tribe	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 language	nmod
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Tegumai	case
12	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Tribe	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 word	punct
14	of	of	ADP	_	16 word	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 word	det
16	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	18 yo	punct
18	yo	yo	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 word	appos
19	»	»	PUNCT	_	18 yo	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the meaning		the language of the Tribe of Tegumai		of the word	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent meaning=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sweet water, such as that of a stream, which refreshes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 that	punct
4	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	6 that	case
5	as	as	ADP	_	4 such	fixed
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 stream	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 stream	det
9	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 refreshes	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 refreshes	nsubj
12	refreshes	refresh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 stream	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refresh	present	a stream						vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

Clean water from a mountain spring

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 spring	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 spring	det
5	mountain	mountain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 spring	compound
6	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 water	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

Muddy water, such as that of a river, which occasions colds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Muddy	muddy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 that	punct
4	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	6 that	case
5	as	as	ADP	_	4 such	fixed
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 river	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 river	det
9	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 occasions	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 occasions	nsubj
12	occasions	occasion	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 river	acl:relcl
13	colds	cold	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 occasions	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occasion	present	a river	colds					tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Bad water, such as that of a swamp, which occasions fever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 that	punct
4	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	6 that	case
5	as	as	ADP	_	4 such	fixed
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 swamp	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 swamp	det
9	swamp	swamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 that	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 occasions	punct
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 occasions	nsubj
12	occasions	occasion	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 swamp	acl:relcl
13	fever	fever	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 occasions	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occasion	present	a swamp	fever					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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