Exam question 4 · Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2…
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the growth of real crabs?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: real crabs · What happens: follow, characteris, grow · To what, where: growth
This is exam question 4 of lesson 91 «Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2: Pau Amma loses his shell» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 growth | det |
| 10 | growth | growth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 crabs | case |
| 12 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 crabs | amod |
| 13 | crabs | crab | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 growth | nmod |
| 14 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the growth of real crabs | of the following statements; accurately property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | grow | real crabs | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
They moult their old shell and remain soft until a new one hardens
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 moult | nsubj |
| 2 | moult | moult | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 shell | nmod:poss |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 shell | amod |
| 5 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 moult | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 remain | cc |
| 7 | remain | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 moult | conj |
| 8 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 remain | xcomp |
| 9 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 13 hardens | mark |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 one | det |
| 11 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 one | amod |
| 12 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hardens | nsubj |
| 13 | hardens | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 remain | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | moult | present | They | their old shell | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | remain | present | They not said here | soft property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | harden | present | a new one | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Option 2
They shed their old shell and stay soft for a while
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 shed | nsubj |
| 2 | shed | shed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 shell | nmod:poss |
| 4 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 shell | amod |
| 5 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 shed | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 stay | cc |
| 7 | stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 shed | conj |
| 8 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 stay | xcomp |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 while | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 while | det |
| 11 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 soft | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shed | past | They | their old shell | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location shell=Source | ||||
| 2 | stay | infinitive | They not said here | soft property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
They moult their shell, and stay hard all the time
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 moult | nsubj |
| 2 | moult | moult | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 shell | nmod:poss |
| 4 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 moult | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 stay | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 stay | cc |
| 7 | stay | stay | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 moult | conj |
| 8 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 stay | advmod |
| 9 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 time | det:predet |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 time | det |
| 11 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stay | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | moult | present | They | their shell | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | stay | infinitive | They not said here | time | hard property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
They never change their shell
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 change | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 change | advmod |
| 3 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 shell | nmod:poss |
| 5 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 change | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not change | present | They | their shell | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Patient |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell/e4/