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Exam question 3 · Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 3…

It is given that tides of exceptional height occur periodically. Select the response consistent with the established scientific facts.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: tides, exceptional height, you · What happens: give, occur, tide, select, establish · To what, where: It, response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 92 «Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 3: the Moon pulls the sea, and how tides really work» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that tides of exceptional height occur periodically.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 tides	det
5	tides	tide	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 occur	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 height	case
7	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 height	amod
8	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 tides	nmod
9	occur	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	parataxis
10	periodically	periodically	ADV	_	9 occur	advmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	occur	present	that tides of exceptional height					periodically property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	tide		exceptional height						nom tide «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the response consistent with the established scientific facts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	9 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 facts	amod
8	scientific	scientific	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 facts	amod
9	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

The options

Option 1

Only the Moon matters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	4 matters	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Moon	det
3	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 matters	nsubj
4	matters	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	matter	present	the Moon						vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 2

Tides are caused by the Moon's pull alone, with no Sun at all

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tides	tide	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	8 pull	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Moon	det
6	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 pull	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 Moon	case
8	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
9	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 caused	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 Sun	punct
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 Sun	case
12	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	13 Sun	det
13	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
14	at	at	ADP	_	15 all	case
15	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 caused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive	the Moon's pull	Tides		all		with no Sun; alone property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
2	pull		the Moon						nom pull «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 3

The Sun alone causes the tides, and they come once a day only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 causes	nsubj
3	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 causes	advmod
4	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tides	det
6	tides	tide	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 causes	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 come	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 come	cc
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 come	nsubj
10	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 causes	conj
11	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	10 come	advmod
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 day	det
13	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 once	obl:unmarked
14	only	only	ADV	_	10 come	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present	the Sun	the tides				alone property	vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition tide=Patient
2	come	present	tides = tide					once property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Spring tides occur at new and full moon, when Sun and Moon act in line

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tides	compound
2	tides	tide	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 occur	nsubj
3	occur	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	8 moon	case
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 moon	amod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 full	cc
7	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 new	conj
8	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 occur	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 act	punct
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	14 act	mark
11	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 act	nsubj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 Moon	cc
13	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 Sun	conj
14	act	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 occur	advcl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 line	case
16	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 act	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occur	present	Spring tides			new moon			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme at moon=Location
2	act	present	Sun and Moon			line			vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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