Exam question 2 · Fairy Tales by Andersen, The Garden of Paradise, part 145:…

Explain the reason the East Wind gave for the sinking of the garden of paradise into the earth.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, East Wind, garden · What happens: explain, give, sink · To what, where: reason, earth

This is exam question 2 of lesson 934 «Fairy Tales by Andersen, The Garden of Paradise, part 145: the Winds tell their travels, and the East Wind flies the prince toward paradise» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Explain	explain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Explain	obj
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Wind	det
5	East	East	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 Wind	compound
6	Wind	Wind	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 gave	nsubj
7	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 reason	acl:relcl
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 sinking	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sinking	det
10	sinking	sinking	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gave	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 garden	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 garden	det
13	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sinking	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 paradise	case
15	paradise	paradise	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 garden	nmod
16	into	into	ADP	_	18 earth	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 earth	det
18	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 gave	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Explain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	explain speech: assert	imperative	you not said here	the reason			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	give	past	the East Wind	the reason not said here	the earth	for the sinking of the garden of paradise	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent reason=Theme for sinking=Asset
3	sink		the garden of paradise				nom sinking «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It sank after the storm drove the gardeners out, though it kept its bright flowers and singing birds

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	SCONJ	_	6 drove	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 storm	det
5	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 drove	nsubj
6	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 gardeners	det
8	gardeners	gardener	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 drove	obj
9	out	out	ADP	_	6 drove	compound:prt
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 kept	punct
11	though	though	SCONJ	_	13 kept	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 kept	nsubj
13	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	conj
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 flowers	nmod:poss
15	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 flowers	amod
16	flowers	flower	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 kept	obj
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 birds	cc
18	singing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 birds	amod
19	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 flowers	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	sink	past	It		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	drive out	past	the storm	the gardeners	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gardener=Theme
3	keep	past	storm	storm's bright flowers and singing birds	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Theme
4	sing speech: express	gerund			vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It sank after Adam and Eve were driven out of paradise by the angel, yet it kept all its warm sunshine, splendour, and the bright fruit that grew forever in its groves

The tree, 32 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	SCONJ	_	8 driven	mark
4	Adam	Adam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 driven	nsubj:pass
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 Eve	cc
6	Eve	Eve	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Adam	conj
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 driven	aux:pass
8	driven	drive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sank	ccomp
9	out	out	ADP	_	11 paradise	case
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 paradise	case
11	paradise	paradise	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 driven	obl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 angel	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 angel	det
14	angel	angel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 driven	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 kept	punct
16	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	18 kept	cc
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 kept	nsubj
18	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	conj
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	22 sunshine	det:predet
20	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 sunshine	nmod:poss
21	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 sunshine	amod
22	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 kept	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 splendour	punct
24	splendour	splendour	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 sunshine	conj
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 grew	punct
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	31 grew	cc
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 fruit	det
28	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	29 fruit	amod
29	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 grew	nsubj
30	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	31 grew	nsubj
31	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	conj
32	forever	forever	ADV	_	31 grew	advmod
33	in	in	ADP	_	35 groves	case
34	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	35 groves	nmod:poss
35	groves	grove	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 grew	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sink	past	It				tree rules
2	drive out	past · passive	the angel	Adam and Eve	paradise		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme paradise=Destination
3	keep	past	angel	angel's warm sunshine and splendour			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunshine=Theme
4	grow	past	the bright fruit		angel's groves	forever property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in grove=Location

Option 3

It sank once Adam and Eve were thrown out, but kept its fruit trees and green shade

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	once	once	SCONJ	_	8 thrown	mark
4	Adam	Adam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 thrown	nsubj:pass
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 Eve	cc
6	Eve	Eve	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Adam	conj
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 thrown	aux:pass
8	thrown	throw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sank	ccomp
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 thrown	compound:prt
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 kept	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 kept	cc
12	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	conj
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 trees	nmod:poss
14	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 trees	compound
15	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 kept	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 shade	cc
17	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 shade	amod
18	shade	shade	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 trees	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	sink	past	It		tree rules
2	throw out	past · passive		Adam and Eve	vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	keep	past		its fruit trees and green shade	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It sank after Adam and Eve were driven out, yet kept its warm sunshine and splendour

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sank	nsubj
2	sank	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	SCONJ	_	8 driven	mark
4	Adam	Adam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 driven	nsubj:pass
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 Eve	cc
6	Eve	Eve	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Adam	conj
7	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 driven	aux:pass
8	driven	drive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 sank	ccomp
9	out	out	ADP	_	8 driven	compound:prt
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 kept	punct
11	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	12 kept	cc
12	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sank	conj
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 sunshine	nmod:poss
14	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 sunshine	amod
15	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 kept	obj
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 splendour	cc
17	splendour	splendour	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 sunshine	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	sink	past	It		tree rules
2	drive out	past · passive		Adam and Eve	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	keep	past		its warm sunshine and splendour	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sunshine=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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