Exam question 1 · Andersen's tales, Psyche: the sculptor is scorned, feasts…

Which character first refuses the sculptor's love, and in what words does she express her rejection?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: character, sculptor · What happens: refuse, express, love, reject · To what, where: love, rejection, words

This is exam question 1 of lesson 953 «Andersen's tales, Psyche: the sculptor is scorned, feasts with artists, buries his marble statue and turns to faith» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 character	det
2	character	character	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 refuses	nsubj
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 refuses	advmod
4	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sculptor	det
6	sculptor	sculptor	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 love	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 sculptor	case
8	love	love	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 refuses	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 express	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 express	cc
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 words	case
12	what	what	DET	PronType=Int	13 words	det
13	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 express	obl
14	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 express	aux
15	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 express	nsubj
16	express	express	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 refuses	conj
17	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	18 rejection	nmod:poss
18	rejection	rejection	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 express	obj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 refuses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	which character	the sculptor's love		first property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent love=Theme
2	express	present · do-support	character	character's rejection	what words		vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rejection=Theme
3	love		the sculptor				nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent
4	reject		character				nom rejection «act transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The lady refuses him coldly, saying "Madman! away! begone!" in front of all the guests at the tavern

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lady	det
2	lady	lady	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refuses	nsubj
3	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 refuses	obj
5	coldly	coldly	ADV	_	3 refuses	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 saying	punct
7	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 refuses	advcl
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 Madman	punct
9	Madman	Madman	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 saying	obj
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 Madman	punct
11	away	away	ADV	_	7 saying	advmod
12	!	!	PUNCT	_	13 begone	punct
13	begone	begone	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 saying	ccomp
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	13 begone	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 begone	punct
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 front	case
17	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 saying	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	21 guests	case
19	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	21 guests	det:predet
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 guests	det
21	guests	guest	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 front	nmod
22	at	at	ADP	_	24 tavern	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 tavern	det
24	tavern	tavern	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 saying	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	the lady	him = he				coldly property	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	the lady not said here	Madman		front of all guests		at the tavern; away property	vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent madman=Theme in front=Manner

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The lady refuses him, saying "Madman! away! begone!"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lady	det
2	lady	lady	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refuses	nsubj
3	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 refuses	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 saying	punct
6	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 refuses	advcl
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 Madman	punct
8	Madman	Madman	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 saying	obj
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	8 Madman	punct
10	away	away	ADV	_	6 saying	advmod
11	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 begone	punct
12	begone	begone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 saying	ccomp
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 begone	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 begone	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	the lady	him = he					vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	the lady not said here	Madman				away property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent madman=Topic

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

She slaps him, saying "Leave me alone, you fool now!"

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 slaps	nsubj
2	slaps	slap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 slaps	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 saying	punct
5	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 slaps	advcl
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 Leave	punct
7	Leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 saying	ccomp
8	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 Leave	obj
9	alone	alone	ADV	_	7 Leave	advmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 fool	punct
11	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 fool	nsubj
12	fool	fool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 slaps	conj
13	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 fool	advmod
14	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 fool	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 fool	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	slap	present	She	him = he			vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Instrument
2	say speech: express	gerund	She not said here				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	leave in a quote	infinitive		me		alone property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
4	fool in a quote	present	you		now		vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The lady refuses him at once, saying "Madman! away! begone!" and then runs off

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 lady	det
2	lady	lady	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 refuses	nsubj
3	refuses	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 refuses	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 once	case
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 refuses	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 saying	punct
8	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 refuses	advcl
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	10 Madman	punct
10	Madman	Madman	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 saying	obj
11	!	!	PUNCT	_	10 Madman	punct
12	away	away	ADV	_	8 saying	advmod
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	14 begone	punct
14	begone	begone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 saying	ccomp
15	!	!	PUNCT	_	14 begone	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 begone	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 runs	cc
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	19 runs	advmod
19	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 refuses	conj
20	off	off	ADP	_	19 runs	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	the lady	him = he			vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme
2	say speech: assert	gerund	the lady not said here	Madman		away property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent madman=Topic
3	run off	present	the lady not said here		then		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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