Exam question 3 · Alkalis and soda, and how they cancel acids

Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the stings of bees and wasps?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: established facts · What happens: follow, be, establish, concern, sting · To what, where: stings, bees

This is exam question 3 of lesson 16 «Alkalis and soda, and how they cancel acids» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 consistent	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 consistent	cop
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 facts	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 facts	det
10	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 facts	amod
11	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consistent	obl
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 facts	acl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 stings	det
14	stings	sting	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 concerning	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 bees	case
16	bees	bee	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 stings	nmod
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 wasps	cc
18	wasps	wasp	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 bees	conj
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 consistent	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the stings of bees and wasps		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sting=Experiencer
5	sting			bees and wasps		nom sting «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Bee stings are invariably acidic and must be treated with alkali

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bee	bee	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stings	compound
2	stings	sting	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 acidic	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 acidic	cop
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 acidic	advmod
5	acidic	acidic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 treated	cc
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 treated	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 treated	aux:pass
9	treated	treat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 acidic	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 alkali	case
11	alkali	alkali	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 treated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bee stings					acidic, invariably property	tree rules
2	treat	must · passive	Bee stings not said here					with alkali	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: with alkali=Theme

Option 2

Wasp stings are invariably alkaline and must be treated with vinegar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wasp	wasp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stings	compound
2	stings	sting	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 alkaline	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 alkaline	cop
4	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	5 alkaline	advmod
5	alkaline	alkaline	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 treated	cc
7	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 treated	aux
8	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	9 treated	aux:pass
9	treated	treat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 alkaline	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 vinegar	case
11	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 treated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Wasp stings					alkaline, invariably property	tree rules
2	treat	must · passive	Wasp stings not said here					with vinegar	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP»: with vinegar=Theme

Option 3

All stings are cured completely by household remedies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	2 stings	det
2	stings	sting	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cured	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 cured	aux:pass
4	cured	cure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	completely	completely	ADV	_	4 cured	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 remedies	case
7	household	household	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 remedies	compound
8	remedies	remedy	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 cured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cure	present · passive	household remedies	all stings				completely property	vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer subject=Source

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The acid and alkali rule is mostly a myth, and venom acts principally through proteins

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 acid	det
2	acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 myth	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 rule	cc
4	alkali	alkali	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rule	compound
5	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 acid	conj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 myth	cop
7	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	9 myth	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 myth	det
9	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 acts	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 acts	cc
12	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 acts	nsubj
13	acts	act	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 myth	parataxis
14	principally	principally	ADV	_	13 acts	advmod
15	through	through	ADP	_	16 proteins	case
16	proteins	protein	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 acts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the acid and alkali rule	a myth				mostly property	tree rules
2	act	present	venom			proteins		principally property	vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/16-alkalis-and-soda/e3/