Exam question 3 · Indicators: the red-cabbage rainbow

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises universal indicator?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: universal indicator

This is exam question 3 of lesson 17 «Indicators: the red-cabbage rainbow» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	universal	universal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 indicator	amod
10	indicator	indicator	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		universal indicator				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a single dye derived exclusively from red cabbage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 derived	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 derived	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 dye	det
4	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dye	amod
5	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 derived	nsubj
6	derived	derive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	6 derived	advmod
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 cabbage	case
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cabbage	amod
10	cabbage	cabbage	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 derived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			red cabbage		derive, exclusively property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It is a mixture of indicators producing a distinct colour for each pH

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 mixture	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 mixture	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 mixture	det
4	mixture	mixture	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 indicators	case
6	indicators	indicator	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 mixture	nmod
7	producing	produce	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 indicators	acl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 colour	det
9	distinct	distinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 colour	amod
10	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 producing	obj
11	for	for	ADP	_	13 pH	case
12	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	13 pH	det
13	pH	ph	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 producing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a mixture				of indicators	tree rules
2	produce	gerund	indicators not said here	a distinct colour				for each pH	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent colour=Result for ph=Beneficiary

Option 3

It is a device that measures pH by electricity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 device	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 device	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 device	det
4	device	device	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 measures	nsubj
6	measures	measure	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 device	acl:relcl
7	pH	ph	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 measures	obj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 electricity	case
9	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 measures	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a device					tree rules
2	measure	present	a device	pH				by electricity	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme ph=Value

Option 4

It changes colour only in the presence of strong acids

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 changes	nsubj
2	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changes	obj
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 presence	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 presence	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 presence	det
7	presence	presence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 changes	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 acids	case
9	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 acids	amod
10	acids	acid	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 presence	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	It	colour		the presence of strong acids			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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