Exam question 3 · Fizzy drinks, Mentos and cola

Ascertain the reason for which a sealed fizzy drink exposed to great heat may burst.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, sealed fizzy drink · What happens: ascertain, seal, expose, burst · To what, where: reason, sealed fizzy drink, great heat

This is exam question 3 of lesson 19 «Fizzy drinks, Mentos and cola» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 burst	obl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 drink	det
7	sealed	seal	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 drink	amod
8	fizzy	fizzy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 drink	amod
9	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 burst	nsubj
10	exposed	expose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 drink	acl
11	to	to	ADP	_	13 heat	case
12	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 heat	amod
13	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 exposed	obl
14	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 burst	aux
15	burst	burst	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 reason	acl:relcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the reason			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	seal	participle					vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
3	expose	participle		a sealed fizzy drink not said here	great heat		vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to heat=Recipient
4	burst	may	a sealed fizzy drink			for the reason	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Heat removes all the gas from the container instantly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 removes	nsubj
2	removes	remove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 gas	det:predet
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 gas	det
5	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 removes	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 container	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 container	det
8	container	container	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 removes	obl
9	instantly	instantly	ADV	_	2 removes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	present	Heat	all gas		the container		instantly property	vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent gas=Theme from container=Source

Option 2

Heat causes the metal to contract and crush the liquid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	nsubj
2	causes	cause	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 metal	det
4	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 causes	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 contract	mark
6	contract	contract	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 causes	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 crush	cc
8	crush	crush	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 contract	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 liquid	det
10	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 crush	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	cause	present	Heat	the metal	tree rules
2	contract	to-infinitive	the metal not said here		vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	crush	infinitive	the metal not said here	the liquid	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liquid=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Warm liquid holds less dissolved gas, and the internal pressure rises

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 liquid	amod
2	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	nsubj
3	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 dissolved	advmod
5	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 gas	amod
6	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 holds	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 rises	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 rises	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 pressure	det
10	internal	internal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 pressure	amod
11	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 rises	nsubj
12	rises	rise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 holds	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	hold	present	Warm liquid	dissolved gas		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Theme
2	dissolve	participle			less property	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	rise	present	the internal pressure			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Heat converts the sugar of the drink into an explosive and highly unstable substance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 converts	nsubj
2	converts	convert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 sugar	det
4	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 converts	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 drink	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 drink	det
7	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sugar	nmod
8	into	into	ADP	_	14 substance	case
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 substance	det
10	explosive	explosive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 substance	amod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 unstable	cc
12	highly	highly	ADV	_	13 unstable	advmod
13	unstable	unstable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 explosive	conj
14	substance	substance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 converts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert	present	Heat	the sugar of the drink				into a explosive substance result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient into substance=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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