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Exam question 2 · Bread rising: yeast at work

It is given that dough is kneaded thoroughly prior to rising. Ascertain the principal effect of such kneading.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, knead, rise, ascertain, effect · To what, where: It, dough, principal effect, such kneading

This is exam question 2 of lesson 21 «Bread rising: yeast at work» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that dough is kneaded thoroughly prior to rising.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 dough	det
5	dough	dough	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kneaded	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 kneaded	aux:pass
7	kneaded	knead	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	ccomp
8	thoroughly	thoroughly	ADV	_	7 kneaded	advmod
9	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	11 rising	mark
10	to	to	ADP	_	9 prior	fixed
11	rising	rise	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 kneaded	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					tree rules
2	knead	present · passive		that dough				thoroughly property	vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: subject=Material
3	rise	gerund							vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Ascertain the principal effect of such kneading.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 effect	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 effect	amod
4	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 kneading	case
6	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kneading	amod
7	kneading	kneading	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 effect	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal effect of such kneading					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Topic
2	effect			such kneading					nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

The options

Option 1

The starch is converted entirely into sugar

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 starch	det
2	starch	starch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 converted	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 converted	aux:pass
4	converted	convert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 converted	advmod
6	into	into	ADP	_	7 sugar	case
7	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 converted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert	present · passive		the starch				into sugar result; entirely property	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into sugar=Result

Option 2

The yeast is destroyed by friction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 yeast	det
2	yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 destroyed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 destroyed	aux:pass
4	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 friction	case
6	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 destroyed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	destroy	present · passive	friction	the yeast					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 3

All the gas is expelled permanently and the yeast is rendered inactive

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 gas	det:predet
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 gas	det
3	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expelled	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 expelled	aux:pass
5	expelled	expel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	5 expelled	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 rendered	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 yeast	det
9	yeast	yeast	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rendered	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 rendered	aux:pass
11	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 expelled	conj
12	inactive	inactive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 rendered	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	expel	present · passive		all gas				permanently property	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	render	present · passive		the yeast				inactive property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Gluten proteins are aligned into elastic strands which retain gas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gluten	gluten	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 proteins	compound
2	proteins	protein	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 aligned	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 aligned	aux:pass
4	aligned	align	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	7 strands	case
6	elastic	elastic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 strands	amod
7	strands	strand	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 aligned	obl
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 retain	nsubj
9	retain	retain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 strands	acl:relcl
10	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 retain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	align	present · passive		Gluten proteins		elastic strands			tree rules
2	retain	present	elastic strands	gas					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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