Test 7 · ★ · Browning apples, rotting and mould On a frosty morning, Grandpa's compost heap is steaming. Ella thinks it's on fire. What's true?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: compost heap, Ella, heap · What happens: steam, think, be · To what, where: fire · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 23 «Browning apples, rotting and mould» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: On a frosty morning, Grandpa's compost heap is steaming.
case det amod obl punct nmod:poss case compound nsubj aux punct root On ADP a DET frosty ADJ morning NOUN , PUNCT Grandpa PROPN 's PART compost NOUN heap NOUN is AUX steaming VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 4 morning case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 morning det 3 frosty frosty ADJ Degree=Pos 4 morning amod 4 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 11 steaming obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 morning punct 6 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 9 heap nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 Grandpa case 8 compost compost NOUN Number=Sing 9 heap compound 9 heap heap NOUN Number=Sing 11 steaming nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 steaming aux 11 steaming steam VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 steaming punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 steam present · progressive Grandpa's compost heap morning vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Ella thinks it's on fire.
nsubj nsubj cop case ccomp punct root Ella PROPN thinks VERB it PRON 's AUX on ADP fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ella Ella PROPN Number=Sing 2 thinks nsubj 2 thinks think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 fire nsubj 4 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 fire cop 5 on on ADP _ 6 fire case 6 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 2 thinks ccomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 thinks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other present Ella vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present heap fire tree rules
Sentence 3: What's true?
nsubj cop punct root What PRON 's AUX true ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 true nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 true cop 3 true true ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 true punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present true property tree rules
The options Option 1 Someone poured a kettle of hot water over it
nsubj det obj case amod nmod case obl root Someone PRON poured VERB a DET kettle NOUN of ADP hot ADJ water NOUN over ADP it PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 poured nsubj 2 poured pour VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 kettle det 4 kettle kettle NOUN Number=Sing 2 poured obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 water case 6 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 7 water amod 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 kettle nmod 8 over over ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 poured obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pour past Someone a kettle of hot water water vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kettle=Patient
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Microbes breaking down the scraps make heat
nsubj acl case det obl obj root Microbes NOUN breaking VERB down ADP the DET scraps NOUN make VERB heat NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Microbes microbe NOUN Number=Plur 6 make nsubj 2 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Microbes acl 3 down down ADP _ 5 scraps case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 scraps det 5 scraps scrap NOUN Number=Plur 2 breaking obl 6 make make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 6 make obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break down gerund Microbes not said here the scraps vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scrap=Patient 2 make present Microbes heat vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset heat=Product
Option 3 The frost is boiling away
det nsubj aux advmod root The DET frost NOUN is AUX boiling VERB away ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 frost det 2 frost frost NOUN Number=Sing 4 boiling nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 boiling aux 4 boiling boil VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 away away ADV _ 4 boiling advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 boil away present · progressive the frost away property vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Option 4 It is on fire and needs water
nsubj cop case cc conj obj root It PRON is AUX on ADP fire NOUN and CCONJ needs VERB water NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 fire nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fire cop 3 on on ADP _ 4 fire case 4 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 needs cc 6 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fire conj 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 needs obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It fire tree rules 2 need present water vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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