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Exam question 2 · Colours of fire: fireworks

It is given that a small quantity of common salt is introduced into a gas flame. Select the observation most consistent with the established facts.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: give, introduce, select, establish · To what, where: It, small quantity, gas flame, observation

This is exam question 2 of lesson 26 «Colours of fire: fireworks» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that a small quantity of common salt is introduced into a gas flame.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 introduced	mark
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 quantity	det
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 quantity	amod
7	quantity	quantity	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 introduced	nsubj:pass
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 salt	case
9	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 salt	amod
10	salt	salt	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 quantity	nmod
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 introduced	aux:pass
12	introduced	introduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
13	into	into	ADP	_	16 flame	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 flame	det
15	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 flame	compound
16	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 introduced	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	introduce	present · passive		a small quantity of common salt		a gas flame			vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the observation most consistent with the established facts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 observation	det
3	observation	observation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 consistent	advmod
5	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	ccomp
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 facts	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 facts	det
8	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 facts	amod
9	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 consistent	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the observation					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent observation=Theme
2	establish	participle							vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

The options

Option 1

The flame becomes deep blue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flame	det
2	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 blue	amod
5	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	the flame					blue property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 2

The flame becomes colourless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flame	det
2	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	colourless	colourless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	the flame					colourless property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 3

The flame is extinguished at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flame	det
2	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 extinguished	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 extinguished	cop
4	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 once	case
6	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 extinguished	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the flame					extinguished property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The flame becomes bright yellow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flame	det
2	flame	flame	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 yellow	amod
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	the flame					yellow property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/26-colours-of-fire-fireworks/e2/