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Test 4 · ★ · Colours of fire: fireworks

A game says fireflies glow because they swallowed tiny stars. What really happens?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: game, fireflies · What happens: say, glow, swallow, happen · To what, where: tiny stars · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 26 «Colours of fire: fireworks» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A game says fireflies glow because they swallowed tiny stars.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 game	det
2	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	fireflies	firefly	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 glow	nsubj
5	glow	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 swallowed	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 swallowed	nsubj
8	swallowed	swallow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 glow	advcl
9	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 stars	amod
10	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 swallowed	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a game						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	glow	present	fireflies						vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	swallow	past	fireflies = firefly	tiny stars					vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What really happens?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
2	really	really	ADV	_	3 happens	advmod
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

They store sunlight in their wings all day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 store	nsubj
2	store	store	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 store	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 wings	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 wings	nmod:poss
6	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 store	obl
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 day	det
8	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 store	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	store	present	They	sunlight		their wings	day		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sunlight=Theme in wing=Location

Option 2

Glowing bacteria live on their backs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 bacteria	amod
2	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 backs	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 backs	nmod:poss
6	backs	back	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	live	present	Glowing bacteria			bacteria's backs			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on back=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A chemical reaction in their body makes light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 reaction	det
2	chemical	chemical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reaction	amod
3	reaction	reaction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 makes	nsubj
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 body	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 body	nmod:poss
6	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reaction	nmod
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 makes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	a chemical reaction in their body	light					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product

Option 4

They rub their legs together to make sparks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 rub	nsubj
2	rub	rub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 legs	nmod:poss
4	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rub	obj
5	together	together	ADV	_	2 rub	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 rub	advcl
8	sparks	spark	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 make	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rub	present	They	their legs				together property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent leg=Theme
2	make	to-infinitive	They not said here	sparks					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spark=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/26-colours-of-fire-fireworks/t4/