Exam question 4 · Recycling: giving materials a second life

Ascertain the principal reason for which spent batteries are excluded from general refuse.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal reason · What happens: ascertain, spend, exclude · To what, where: principal reason, batteries, general refuse

This is exam question 4 of lesson 32 «Recycling: giving materials a second life» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 spent	nsubj
7	spent	spend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	acl:relcl
8	batteries	battery	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 excluded	nsubj:pass
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 excluded	aux:pass
10	excluded	exclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 spent	ccomp
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 refuse	case
12	general	general	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 refuse	amod
13	refuse	refuse	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 excluded	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	spend	past	the principal reason			vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Goal
3	exclude	present · passive		batteries	general refuse	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Beneficiary from refuse=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They emit pleasant odours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 emit	nsubj
2	emit	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 odours	amod
4	odours	odour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 emit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit	present	They	pleasant odours					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source odour=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They may leak harmful metals and ignite fires

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 leak	nsubj
2	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 leak	aux
3	leak	leak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	harmful	harmful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 metals	amod
5	metals	metal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 leak	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 ignite	cc
7	ignite	ignite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 leak	conj
8	fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ignite	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leak	may	They	harmful metals					vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location metal=Source
2	ignite	infinitive	They not said here	fires					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent fire=Patient

Option 3

They regain their charge when buried

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 regain	nsubj
2	regain	regain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 charge	nmod:poss
4	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 regain	obj
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 buried	advmod
6	buried	bury	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 regain	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	regain	present	They	their charge	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Theme
2	bury	participle	They not said here		vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	charge		their = they		nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

They are excessively heavy for collection

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 heavy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 heavy	cop
3	excessively	excessively	ADV	_	4 heavy	advmod
4	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 collection	case
6	collection	collection	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heavy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					for collection; excessively, heavy property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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