Exam question 1 · Mixing and dissolving

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the dissolution of sugar in water?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, dissolve · To what, where: dissolution, sugar

This is exam question 1 of lesson 6 «Mixing and dissolving» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 dissolution	det
10	dissolution	dissolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 sugar	case
12	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 dissolution	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 water	case
14	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sugar	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the dissolution of sugar in water	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	dissolve		sugar in water		nom dissolution «process transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The sugar is transformed into water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sugar	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transformed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 transformed	aux:pass
4	transformed	transform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 transformed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	transform	present · passive		the sugar				into water result	vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into water=Result

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

The sugar is destroyed by the water and ceases altogether to exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sugar	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 destroyed	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 destroyed	aux:pass
4	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 water	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 water	det
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 destroyed	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 ceases	cc
9	ceases	cease	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 destroyed	conj
10	altogether	altogether	ADV	_	9 ceases	advmod
11	to	to	PART	_	12 exist	mark
12	exist	exist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 ceases	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	destroy	present · passive	the water	the sugar		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	cease	present	the water not said here		altogether property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
3	exist	to-infinitive	the water not said here			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The sugar molecules become dispersed amongst the water molecules, remaining present

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 molecules	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 molecules	compound
3	molecules	molecule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dispersed	nsubj
4	become	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 dispersed	aux
5	dispersed	disperse	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	amongst	amongst	ADP	_	9 molecules	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 molecules	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 molecules	compound
9	molecules	molecule	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 dispersed	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 present	punct
11	remaining	remaining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 present	amod
12	present	present	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 molecules	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	disperse	present	the sugar molecules					amongst the water molecules remaining present	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 4

The sugar settles invisibly at the base of the vessel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sugar	det
2	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 settles	nsubj
3	settles	settle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	invisibly	invisibly	ADV	_	3 settles	advmod
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 base	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 base	det
7	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 settles	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 vessel	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 vessel	det
10	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 base	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	settle	present	the sugar			the base of the vessel		invisibly property	vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at base=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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